Imperial Princesses II

[Emperor Shōmu: Three Daughters]

¶[Emperor Shōmu: Three Daughters]

[Emperor Kōnin: Three Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Inoue was a daughter born to the Bunin, Lady, Agatainukai-no-Hirotoji. In the fifth year of Yōrō (721) she became the Saiō, High Priestess, and served at the Grand Shrine of Ise. Later she became Empress of Emperor Kōnin (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi).

[Emperor Kanmu: Nineteen Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Abe was a daughter born to Empress Fujiwara. She was the one who later became Empress Shōtoku, that is, Empress Kōken (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi).

[Emperor Heizei: Four Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Fuwa was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Inoue by the same mother. She married Prince Shioyaki and bore him two children. In the seventh year of Tenpyō Hōji (763) she was granted Fourth Rank (shihon). In the eighth year, when Fujiwara-no-Nakamaro rose in revolt, he used the pretext of raising Prince Shioyaki to the throne; Prince Shioyaki was put to death, and the Princess was implicated and had her imperial status struck from the register. In the third year of Jingo Keiun (769), Tajihi-no-Otome, of Outer Junior Fifth Rank Lower, falsely denounced Princess Osaka and Agatainukai-no-Aneme and others, saying that they were seeking by curses to harm the emperor, and the Princess was held to have been involved in this affair. The edict read as follows: "As for Imperial Princess Fuwa, in the reign of the late Emperor Kōnin her title of Princess had already been struck out by imperial command. Nevertheless she piled one evil upon another and once again committed disrespect. Were her guilt to be judged, it would fall under the Eight Heinous Crimes, the gravest of offences. But We have our own reasons, and We specially pardon her crime, change her name to Kuriya-no-Mahito Kuriyame, and forbid her to dwell in the capital." Soon afterwards she was granted a fief of forty households and ten chō of rice land. In the third year of Hōki (772) her innocence became clear and she was restored to the imperial register; in the following year she was restored to her former rank, and soon she was granted Third Rank (sanpon). In the first year of Tenō (781) she advanced to Second Rank (nihon). In the first year of Enryaku (782), because her son Hikami-no-Kawatsugu had plotted rebellion, she was exiled to Awaji province (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi). In the fourteenth year of Enryaku (795) she was moved to Izumi province (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

[Emperor Saga: Twenty-seven Daughters]

¶[Emperor Kōnin: Three Daughters]

[Emperor Junna: Eight Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Noto was a daughter born to the posthumous Empress Dowager, of the Takano clan. She was first granted Junior Fourth Rank Lower as a princess of the blood (jōō), but in the first year of Hōki (770) she became an Imperial Princess and was granted Fourth Rank (shihon). In the seventh year she advanced to Third Rank (sanpon). When grown she married Prince Ichihara and bore Prince Ioe and Princess Ioi. In the second month of the first year of Tenō (781) she died, at the age of forty-nine. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral, and the officials supplied whatever was needed. Ōtomo-no-Hakumaro, Sangi, Counsellor, was sent to her residence to convey an edict by which she was posthumously granted First Rank (ippon), and her sons and daughters were made princes and princesses of the second generation.

[Emperor Ninmyō: Nine Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Sakahito was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Noto by the same mother (Note: the Nihon Kōki as cited in the Tōdai-ji Yōroku says only "the posthumous Empress Yoshino." According to Uraki's examination, the "Empress Yoshino" of the Tōdai-ji Yōroku is Imperial Princess Inoue. If so, it seems that the Dainihonshi's record of her mother as Takano-no-Niigasa is mistaken). In the third year of Hōki (772) she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise. Later she became a consort (hi) of Emperor Kanmu (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi).

[Emperor Montoku: Eighteen Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Minuma was a daughter born to the palace woman (kyūjin) Shimahime (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the first year of Hōki (770) she became an Imperial Princess and was granted Fourth Rank (shihon) (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi). She married Prince Jin (Note: following the Nihon Kōki and the Kugyō Bunin). In the eleventh year she advanced to Third Rank (sanpon) (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi). In the second month of the first year of Kōnin (810) she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶[Emperor Kanmu: Nineteen Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Takashi was a daughter born to Empress Fujiwara (Note: the Nihon Kiryaku makes her the emperor's second daughter, but the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki list her first among the princesses. The Nihon Kiryaku also calls Imperial Princess Asahara the second daughter, so either "second" or "first" must be mistaken). When Emperor Junna was still Crown Prince, she was taken into his household as his consort (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Asahara was a daughter born to the consort (hi), Imperial Princess Sakahito. She was chosen by divination as Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and served at the Grand Shrine. Later she became a consort of Emperor Heizei (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku).

¶Imperial Princess Inaba was a daughter born to the Bunin, Lady, Tajihi-no-Mamune (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the ninth month of the first year of Tenchō (824) she died. The emperor put on mourning dress and suspended the conduct of government, and gave ten thousand ton of floss silk to the Eastern and Western Temples and to the temples of the home provinces, so that they might pray for her repose (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Ano was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Inaba by the same mother. In the eighth month of the eighth year of Jōwa (841) she died (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Ōyake was a daughter born to the palace woman Tachibana-no-Tsuneko. She became a consort of Emperor Heizei (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Kannami was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Tōko. In the second month of the eighth year of Kōnin (817) she died, at the age of eighteen. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Shigeno was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Kamiko. In the fourth month of the first year of Tenan (857) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Ito was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Minamiko. She married Prince Abo. In the ninth month of the third year of Jōgan (861) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Kasuga was a daughter born to Sakanoue-no-Haruko, of Junior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the twelfth month of the ninth year of Tenchō (832) she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Takatsu was a daughter born to the palace woman Sakanoue-no-Matako. She became a consort of Emperor Saga (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Kagaku was a daughter born to the palace woman Tachibana-no-Miiko (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki). In the fourth year of Tenchō (827) she was granted Fourth Rank (shihon) (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku). In the thirteenth year of Jōwa (846) she advanced to Third Rank (sanpon) (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the second month of the sixteenth year of Jōgan (874) she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Sugawara was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Kagaku by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki). In the intercalary seventh month of the second year of Tenchō (825) she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Anchoku was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Kawako (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the eighth year of Kōnin (817) she was granted Fourth Rank (shihon) (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi and the Nihon Kiryaku). In the second year of Kashō (849) she entered the religious life and submitted a memorial asking to return her rank and title. This was granted, and in the following year her fief households, her attendants, and her rank-lands were taken back, but the original fief and attendants due to a prince without rank were left as before (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the ninth month of the second year of Saikō (855) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Ōi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Anchoku by the same mother. In the eleventh month of the seventh year of Jōgan (865) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Ki was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Anchoku by the same mother. In the first year of Tenchō (824) she was granted Fourth Rank (shihon). In the early years of Ninna she advanced to Third Rank (sanpon). In the sixth month of the second year (886) she died, at the age of eighty-eight. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Yoshihara was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Anchoku by the same mother (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku makes her a daughter born to Kudara-no-Sadaka, but this is mistaken). In the seventh month of the fifth year of Jōgan (863) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Suruga was a daughter born to the palace woman Kudara-no-Sadaka (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki). In the sixth month of the eleventh year of Kōnin (820) she died, at the age of twenty. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Fuse was a daughter born to the palace woman Nakatomi-no-Toyoko (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki). In the sixteenth year of Enryaku (797) she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the first year of Daidō (806) she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku). In the eighth month of the third year of Kōnin (812) she died (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki). She was posthumously granted Fourth Rank (shihon), and her 772 chō of newly opened fields were given to the Eastern and Western Temples so that they might pray for her repose. In the following year, in accordance with her last wishes, ten thousand kan of cash from her household were applied to the repair of the temples (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi).

¶Imperial Princess Ikegami was a daughter born to the palace woman Tachibana-no-Tamurako. In the eleventh month of the tenth year of Jōgan (868) she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki; the Kōin Shōunroku gives the eleventh year).

¶[Emperor Heizei: Four Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Kamitsukeno was a daughter born to the palace woman Ise-no-Tsuguko (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Ichidai Yōki, and the Teiō Hennenki).

¶Imperial Princess Eno was a daughter born to the palace woman Ki-no-Natsura (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki; the Kōin Shōunroku and the Rekidai Kōki both call her the fourth daughter). In the fifth year of Daidō (810) she was granted one hundred koku of grain of Bizen province (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi). In the fourth month of the second year of Jōwa (835) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Isonokami was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Kamitsukeno by the same mother (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Rekidai Kōki all call her the third daughter. Here the order of the Sandai Jitsuroku, in the chronicle of Emperor Seiwa, which places her after Imperial Princess Eno, is followed). In the fifth year of Daidō she was granted a total of three hundred koku of grain of Ōmi and Harima, and three hundred koku of grain of Bizen (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi). In the ninth month of the thirteenth year of Jōwa (846) she died (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki; the Kōin Shōunroku gives the twelfth year and the Rekidai Kōki the tenth).

¶Imperial Princess Ōhara was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Kamitsukeno by the same mother (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the first year of Daidō (806) she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the fourth year she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi and the Nihon Kiryaku). In the fifth year she was granted a total of eight hundred koku of grain of Ōmi, Harima, and Bizen (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi). In the first month of the fifth year of Jōgan (863) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶[Emperor Saga: Twenty-seven Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Nariko was a daughter born to the consort (hi), Imperial Princess Takatsu (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku lists Imperial Princess Masako as the first daughter and Nariko as the sixth. The Sandai Jitsuroku, in the entry for the day Mizunoto-Ushi of the third month of the third year of Gangyō (879), says, "Masako was the eldest daughter of the Retired Emperor Saga." The Nihon Kiryaku says, "Nariko was the emperor's first daughter." Examining the Shoku Nihongi, beneath the record of Takatsu's death in the fourth month of the eighth year of Jōwa (841) it says, "She became consort at the beginning of the emperor's reign, but was soon deposed." Examining also the Nihon Kiryaku and the Montoku Jitsuroku, Tachibana-no-Kachiko was installed as Empress in the sixth year of Kōnin (815); it may be supposed that Takatsu was deposed just because the favor shown to Empress Tachibana had become great. If so, Masako was the first daughter born to Empress Tachibana, and from the emperor's side would be the second daughter. The Kōin Shōunroku carelessly places the five princesses born of Empress Tachibana first, and moreover errs frequently about their mothers. For details see the biography of Empress Tachibana. Now, following the Nihon Kiryaku, Nariko is made the eldest daughter). In the sixth month of the sixth year of Kōnin (815) she died. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Masako was a daughter born to Empress Tachibana. She became Empress of Emperor Junna (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Shūshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Masako by the same mother. In the sixth year of Jōwa (839) she was granted one chō of waste rice land in Uji district, Yamashiro province. In the second month of the third year of Kashō (850) she died. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Shunshi (Note: the Nihon Kiryaku writes "Shun" with a different character, "Kan," but here the Kōin Shōunroku is followed) was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Masako by the same mother (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki). In the sixth month of the third year of Tenchō (826) she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Hanshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Masako by the same mother (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku and the Ichidai Yōki). During the Jōwa era she was granted several kei of vacant land in Kawachi and Yamashiro (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). Hanshi was lovely in form and dignified in her bearing. Because of illness she left the world and became a nun. In the twelfth month of the first year of Ninju (851) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Hōshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Masako by the same mother. In the twelfth month of the fifth year of Jōwa (838) she died. On New Year's Day of the following year, the ceremony of New Year's court congratulations was cancelled (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Motoko was a daughter born to Asuka, Kudara-no-Kimyō (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the third month of the eighth year of Tenchō (831) she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku).

¶Imperial Princess Sōshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Takashina-no-Kawako. She was chaste and pure by nature, and throughout her life was frugal and plain. In the third month of the first year of Saikō (854) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Uchiko was a daughter born to Princess Katano (Note: the Ichidai Yōki, the Teiō Hennenki, and the Saiin-ki call her the eighth daughter, but this is mistaken). She was widely versed in histories and Chinese books and skilled in composition (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the first year of Kōnin (810) she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo. The institution of the Kamo Saiin, the Priestess's residence, began with this (Note: according to the Saiin-ki, the emperor loved this princess and made her head of the Saiin, but it does not record in what year this was, saying only "it began with this." The Teiō Hennenki says it was first established in the fifth month of the ninth year of Kōnin. Here the Kijo-shō and the Ichidai Yōki are followed). In the second month of the fourteenth year (823) the emperor made a progress to her mountain villa and had the literati compose poems (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi, the Nihon Kiryaku, and the Shoku Nihon Kōki). The Princess drew the rhyme-words "tō, kō, kō, sō," and at once took up her brush and composed a poem. In it she told of the quiet, secluded villa among water and trees, and of how the pond became a place of splendor once the emperor's carriage had descended there; of the solitary bird in the woods and the cold flower hidden in the ravine, which know the bounty of spring and the light of the sun; of the sound of the spring announcing the first thunder nearby, and the mountains standing clear on high as the evening rain passed. From all this, she wrote, she knew still more how deep was the emperor's kindness, and she asked with what, in the whole of her life, she could repay the vault of heaven. The Princess was seventeen at the time. The emperor praised it greatly, granted her Third Rank (sanpon), and wrote out a poem of his own composition and bestowed it on her (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). On that day, Fujiwara-no-Tsunefusa of Junior Fifth Rank Lower, Koze-no-Shikihito, Fun'ya-no-Nagatoshi of Senior Sixth Rank Upper, Princess Katano of Junior Fifth Rank Lower, Nagahara-no-Matono, and Sakamoto-no-Miyatsugu, without rank, were also each advanced in rank (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi). Soon she was granted a fief of one hundred households, to be used for the expense of inviting men of letters (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the eighth year of Tenchō (831) she resigned her office (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Saiin-ki) and lived at the western villa at Saga. After Emperor Ninmyō ascended the throne she advanced to Second Rank (nihon), and in the first year of Jōwa (834) she was granted 120 chō of ruined rice land in Aimi district, Hōki province (Note: this work records it, as an imperial edict of the eighth month of the first year of Kashō, as an event of the seventh year of Tenchō, but which is correct is unclear). In the tenth month of the fourteenth year of Jōwa (847) she died, at the age of forty. In accordance with her last wishes the funeral was kept simple, and she did not even accept envoys for the funeral (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). The poems she composed are collected in the Keikokushū.

¶Imperial Princess Jinshi was a daughter born to the Nyōgo, Consort, Ōhara-no-Kiyoko (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the fourth year of Daidō (809) she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi, the Nihon Kiryaku, and the Ichidai Yōki), and in the second year of Kōnin (811) she went to Ise (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi). In the fourteenth year (823) she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku). In the first month of the first year of Kanpyō (889) she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Junshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Fun'ya-no-Fumiko. In the first month of the fifth year of Jōgan (863) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Saishi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Junshi by the same mother. She married Prince Fujii, Dazai-no-sochi, Governor-General of Dazaifu. In the fifth month of the third year of Ninju (853) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Sadahime was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Fuse clan (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the fifth year of Kōnin (814) she and her sisters were granted the surname Minamoto-no-Ason (Note: following the Seishi-roku). In the sixth year she, together with Kiyohime, Matahime, and Yoshihime, had her registered domicile moved from the Right Capital to the Left Capital (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku). In the eighth year of Jōwa (841) she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki), and later she reached Senior Fourth Rank Lower. In the seventh month of the fourth year of Gangyō (880) she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Kiyohime was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Taima clan. She was skilled at the biwa. The emperor sought a husband for her, but found no one to his liking. At that time Fujiwara-no-Yoshifusa was still a young man, but the emperor loved his bearing and gave Kiyohime to him in marriage (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the eighth year of Jōwa she was granted Senior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki and the Montoku Jitsuroku); in the first year of Ninju (851) she advanced to Junior Third Rank, and in the third year she was transferred to Senior Third Rank. In the sixth month of the third year of Saikō (856) she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). When Emperor Seiwa ascended the throne, because she was his maternal grandmother, she was posthumously granted Senior First Rank at her tomb, and her tomb was ranked among the four tombs to which the nosaki tribute offerings of cloth streamers are presented. In the first year of Jōgan (859) one tomb-guard household was established, and in the fifth year an edict ordered the tomb precincts to be enlarged (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Matahime was a younger sister of Kiyohime by the same mother (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). She was granted Junior Fourth Rank Lower, and in the second year of Saikō (855) she advanced to Senior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). During the Jōgan era she became Naishi-no-kami, Principal Handmaid, and gradually advanced up to Junior Second Rank; in the third year of Gangyō (879) she reached Senior Second Rank. In the first month of the sixth year she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Yoshihime was a daughter born to the Naishi-no-kami, Principal Handmaid, Kudara-no-Kyōmyō (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku. The Ichidai Yōki does not have the name Yoshihime and lists Wakahime here, but this is mistaken).

¶Minamoto-no-Sarahime was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Ki clan (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Ichidai Yōki). In the eighth year of Jōwa she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Minamoto-no-Wakahime (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku): her mother is not recorded.

¶Minamoto-no-Kamihime was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Kuranoshi clan (Note: following the Kōin Keizu, the Kōin Shōunroku, and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Minamoto-no-Mitsuhime was a daughter born to the palace woman Ōhara-no-Matako (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Ichidai Yōki). In the first year of Jōgan she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Lower, and in the following year she advanced to Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Kowahime was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Kannabi clan (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Ichidai Yōki). In the second year of Kashō (849) she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Minamoto-no-Katachihime was a younger sister of Kamihime by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Ichidai Yōki, and the Kōin Keizu).

¶Minamoto-no-Takihime was a younger sister of Sadahime by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the second year of Jōgan she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper, and in the ninth month of the eighteenth year she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Akohime was a younger sister of Kamihime by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Ichidai Yōki). In the fourth year of Jōgan she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Mitsuhime was a daughter born to the Kōi, Lady of the Wardrobe, Yamada-no-Chikako (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Ichidai Yōki, and the Kōin Keizu).

¶Minamoto-no-Yoshihime: her mother is not recorded. In the third year of Kashō she was specially given a fief of one hundred households (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). When Emperor Seiwa ascended the throne she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper, and in the second month of the eighth year of Gangyō (884) she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Toshihime: her mother is not recorded. In the fifth year of Jōgan she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper, and in the ninth month of the sixteenth year she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶[Emperor Junna: Eight Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Ujiko was a daughter born to the posthumous Empress. At the beginning of the emperor's reign she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Ichidai Yōki), and in the fourth year she withdrew because of illness (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi and the Nihon Kiryaku). In the fourth month of the first year of Ninna (885) she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Yūshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Ujiko by the same mother. In the second month of the fourth year of Jōgan she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Teishi (Note: the Shoku Nihon Kōki calls her the first daughter, but this is mistaken; here the Kōin Shōunroku and the entry for the fifth month of the fourth year of Daidō in the Nihon Kiryaku are followed) was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Yūshi by the same mother. In the fifth month of the first year of Jōwa she died. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Kanshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Ōno-no-Takako. In the fifth month of the eleventh year of Jōgan she died (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Sūshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Tachibana-no-Funako (Note: the name "Funako" follows the Kōin Shōunroku, the Ichidai Yōki, and the Teiō Hennenki). In the fifth month of the first year of Kashō she died. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Dōshi (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku writes "Dō" also as "Koku," "Shū," or "Ko," and the Kōin Keizu also writes "Ko." Here the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Ichidai Yōki are followed) was a daughter born to the palace woman Tajihi-no-Ikeko. In the intercalary tenth month of the second year of Jōgan she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Akiko was a daughter born to the palace woman Kiyohara-no-Haruko. In the ninth month of the first year of Saikō she died (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Tō-no-Chūshi (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu both write "Chū" as "Juku," and the Ichidai Yōki writes it as "Shū," but all of these are mistaken): her mother is not recorded. In the ninth year of Tenchō she was granted the surname Tō-no-Ason. In the fourth year of Jōgan she was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper, and in the first month of the following year she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. In the entry for the day Kanoto-Hitsuji of the first month of the fifth year of Jōgan in this work, it is recorded that Tō-no-Shōshi, without rank, was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper; she too is probably a daughter of Emperor Junna, but at present there is no material by which to verify it).

¶[Emperor Ninmyō: Nine Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Tokiko (Note: the Saiin-ki calls her the ninth daughter) was a daughter born to the Nyōgo, Consort, Shigeno-no-Nawako (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku, the Kōin Shōunroku, and the Kōin Keizu). In the eighth year of Tenchō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo (Note: following the Ruijū Kokushi, the Nihon Kiryaku, the Rekidai Kōki, and the Saiin-ki. None of these books records when she left that office). During the Jōwa era she was granted, one after another, ruined fields and vacant land in Sanuki, Kawachi, Yamashiro, and Settsu. In the second month of the fourteenth year she died. An imperial envoy was sent to oversee the funeral (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki).

¶Imperial Princess Niiko was a daughter born to the posthumous Empress Dowager, of the Fujiwara clan (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki, the Kōin Keizu, and the Teiō Hennenki). In the eighth year of Gangyō she advanced to Third Rank (sanpon) (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the eleventh month of the ninth year of Kanpyō she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Nyūshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Tokiko by the same mother (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku and the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the second month of the eleventh year of Jōgan she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Shinshi (Note: the Ichidai Yōki writes "Shin" as "Tei," but this is mistaken) was a daughter born to the Kōi, Lady of the Wardrobe, Ki-no-Taneko. In the fifth month of the twelfth year of Jōgan she died. The emperor did not attend to government for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Chikako was a daughter born to the Nyōgo, Consort, Fujiwara-no-Sadako (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). During the Jōwa era she was granted ruined fields and vacant land in Ōmi and Tamba, and in the first year of Kashō she was further granted eighty chō of public rice land in Aimi district, Hōki province (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). She was especially beloved by the emperor, and after the emperor's death her longing for him did not cease, and at last she fell ill. In the ninth month of the first year of Ninju she died. It is said that the people of the time grieved for her (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Heishi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Chikako by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the second month of the first year of Gangyō she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Jūshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Kowarawako (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the seventh month of the seventh year of Jōgan she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days. In accordance with her wishes in life, no officers were appointed to direct her funeral (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Kyūshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Princess Takamune (Note: following the Kōin Keizu). In the tenth year of Tenchō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the second year of Jōwa she went to Ise. In the sixth year, because the Saigū, the Priestess's palace, was struck by fire, an imperial envoy was sent bearing silk, floss silk, and chōfu cloth to console her (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the third year of Kashō she withdrew from that office. Emperor Montoku sent an imperial envoy to Ise to bring her back (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the sixth month of the eighteenth year of Jōgan she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Takako (Note: the Saiin-ki calls her the twelfth daughter) was a daughter born to the palace woman Kudara-no-Yōkei (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku, the Kōin Shōunroku, and the Kōin Keizu). In the tenth year of Tenchō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo, and in the second year of Jōwa she entered the Saiin. She was granted vacant land in Yamashiro and a number of public rice fields (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). On the emperor's death she withdrew from that office. In the sixth month of the eighth year of Jōgan she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶[Emperor Montoku: Eighteen Daughters]

¶Imperial Princess Gishi (Note: the Saiin-ki calls her the third daughter) was a daughter born to Empress Fujiwara (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the first year of Jōgan she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo, and in the third year she entered the Murasakino Saiin. In the eighteenth year, because of illness, she moved to the Somedono Palace, the residence of the Empress Dowager. She submitted a memorial asking to withdraw from her office, and its words were earnest, but it was not granted. In the first year of Gangyō she advanced gradually up to First Rank (ippon). In the intercalary tenth month of the third year she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Teishi was a daughter born to the Kōi, Lady of the Wardrobe, Ki-no-Shizuko (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Teiō Hennenki). In the first year of Jōgan she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the third year she went to Ise. Fujiwara-no-Yoshimi, Minister of the Right, and the Naishi-no-kami, Principal Handmaid, Matahime, were sent to the Hasshōin, the Eight Ministries Hall, to see her off. In the first year of Gangyō she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the sixth month of the third year of Engi she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Jutsushi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Teishi by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Teiō Hennenki). In the first year of Tenan she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku), and in the following year she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki). In the eleventh month of the ninth year of Kanpyō she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Nōshi was a daughter born to the palace woman Shigeno-no-Okuko (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the ninth month of the third year of Engi she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Shōshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Nōshi by the same mother (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the seventh month of the thirteenth year of Jōgan she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Reishi was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Imako (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Kōin Shōunroku). In the third year of Jōgan she became an Imperial Princess (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the tenth month of the second year of Shōtai she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Keishi (Note: "Kei" is also written as "Yō") was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Reishi by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku). In the sixth year of Gangyō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the eighth year she withdrew and returned to the capital. In the second month of the fourteenth year of Engi she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Anshi (Note: the Ichidai Yōki calls her the first daughter) was a daughter born to the palace woman Fujiwara-no-Retsushi (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the third year of Kashō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Ise, and in the second year of Ninju she went to Ise (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the second year of Tenan she withdrew from that office (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the seventh month of the third year of Shōtai she died (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Imperial Princess Keishi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Anshi by the same mother (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the third year of Kashō she became Saiō, High Priestess of Kamo, and in the second year of Ninju she entered the Murasakino Saiin. In the first year of Tenan she withdrew from that office for a certain reason. Fujiwara-no-Yoshimi, Minister of the Right, was sent to the shrine to report the circumstances. The matter was kept secret, and no one in the world knew of it. In the first month of the fifth year of Gangyō she died. The New Year court congratulations were cancelled for three days (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Imperial Princess Chinshi was a younger sister of Imperial Princess Teishi by the same mother (Note: following the Kōin Shōunroku, the Kōin Keizu, and the Teiō Hennenki). In the fourth month of the first year of Gangyō she died (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Yoriko: her mother is not recorded. In the third year of Ninju she, together with her younger sisters Kenshi, Retsushi, Seishi, and Okuko, was granted the surname Minamoto-no-Ason, and her registered domicile was moved to the Left Capital (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). She was granted Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki, the Teiō Hennenki, the Kōin Shōunroku, and the Kōin Keizu).

¶Minamoto-no-Kenshi: her mother is not recorded.

¶Minamoto-no-Retsushi: her mother is not recorded.

¶Minamoto-no-Seishi became a Nyōgo, Consort, of Emperor Seiwa (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Okuko (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku, the Ichidai Yōki, the Kōin Shōunroku, and the Kōin Keizu): her mother is not recorded.

¶Minamoto-no-Tomiko was a daughter born to the palace woman of the Sugawara clan. In the third year of Jōgan she, together with her younger sister Enshi, was granted the surname Minamoto-no-Ason (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Minamoto-no-Enshi (Note: the Kōin Shōunroku, the Ichidai Yōki, and the Kōin Keizu all write "En" as "Ji," but here the Sandai Jitsuroku is followed) was a daughter born to the palace woman Shigeno-no-Mineko (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku and the Kōin Keizu). In the fourth month of the eleventh year of Engi she died (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki).

¶Minamoto-no-Nagako (Note: following the Ichidai Yōki): her mother is not recorded.