Treatise 12: Deities of Heaven and Earth XII: Shrines VII: Owari

¶Owari

¶Ama District (8 shrines)

¶Nuribe Shrine (Note: the Owari Kuninai Jinmyōchō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Nuribe of Heaven").

¶Morokuwa Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Morokuwa of Heaven." It now stands in Morokuwa village, Kaitō District, and is called Hakusan) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Izanami-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Kunitama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Ōkunitama." It now stands within the Yatsurugi shrine in Manba village, Kaitō District) enshrines Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Kokunaichō and the shrine's own tradition).

¶Fujishima Shrine (Note: it now stands in Akitake village, Kaitō District, and is called Fujishima Myōjin. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank).

¶Utashi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Utasu of Heaven." It now stands in Utasu village, Kaitō District, and is called Shirahige Myōjin).

¶Yunoki Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Yonoki of Heaven." It now stands in Yunoki village, Kaitō District, and is called Shinmeisha).

¶Ikuha Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Ikuwa of Heaven." It now stands in Miyake village, Nakajima District, and is called Ikuwa Shinmei).

¶Okkan Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Okkan." It is now the Okkan-san Kisshō Daimyōjin in Kita-Kamomori village, Kaitō District) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Takaokami-no-Kami (Note: following the account of the local people). In the third year of Ninju (853), it was admitted to the ranks of the official shrines (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the seventh year of Jōgan (865), it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Lower to Junior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all eight shrines were ranked as minor shrines.

¶Nakajima District (30 shrines)

¶Ōmiwa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyaji Hanaike village and is called Miwa Myōjin. This is the site of the ancient Miwa district). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior First Rank).

¶Ta Shrine, also called the Deity of Ō (Ō-no-Tenjin) (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. Note: the present text of the Engishiki writes "Ta" with the characters for "Ōmiwa," which is an error; the other manuscript is followed here. The Sandai Jitsuroku also has "the Renowned Deity of Ō." The Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, the Renowned Deity Oho." It now stands in Oho village in the Niwa estate). It was probably established by the Niwa-no-Omi, a branch of the Ō clan, descendants of Kamuyaimimi-no-Mikoto, who lived in this province, to worship their ancestor (Note: following the Kojiki). In the third year of Ninju, it was counted among the renowned deities and granted Junior Fifth Rank Upper in addition. In the first year of Gangyō (877), it was advanced from Senior Fifth Rank Lower to Senior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Masumida Shrine (Note: the character for "sumi" is also written with a different character; this book has "kuro," which is an error, and it has been corrected after another manuscript. It now stands in Ichinomiya village in the Masumida estate) probably enshrines Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Owari-no-Kuni-no-Miyatsuko (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi. Note: the Ichinomiya Ki says "it enshrines Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto." According to the shrine's own tradition, Amaterasu-Ōmikami is added to make two deities. This probably came to be said because there was a Masumida clan among the descendants of Ōnamuchi, and because Ame-no-Hoakari bears the title Amateru-Kuniteru. Further, the Jingū Zatsureishū takes Ame-no-Kaguyama, a child of Ame-no-Hoakari, as the remote ancestor of the Kagamitsukuri clan. Whether this is true or false is unknown, but the name "Masumida" may perhaps derive from "mirror." This is added together for reference). In the fourteenth year of Jōwa (847), Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the first year of Ninju (851), it was admitted to the official shrines. In the third year, it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Upper to Junior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the seventh year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fourth Rank Upper to Senior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives Senior First Rank). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki). Later it was called the Ichinomiya (first shrine) of the province (Note: following the Iroha Jirui Shō, the Owari Myōkōji documents and the Ichinomiya Ki). Its shrine officials included the posts of Kannushi (chief priest), Gon-no-Kannushi (acting chief priest), Sōgyōji, Sōanji, Ōhafuri and Kohafuri (greater and lesser priests), Gon-no-Hafuri, Chūrō and Ō-Uchindo (Note: following the Kaihō Meishō Shi).

¶Sakate Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Sakatehara of Heaven." The seven shrines that follow all have the same rank. This shrine now stands in Satehara village, Haguri District, and is called Yatsurugi Myōjin).

¶Mino Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "the Renowned Deity Mino").

¶Hasoki Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Hasoki of Heaven," written with different characters).

¶Harikuma Shrine.

¶Nomi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyaushiro village and is called Nomi Shinmei) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ame-no-Hohi-no-Mikoto and Nomi-no-Sukune-no-Mikoto (Note: considered together with the shrine's own tradition and the account of the local people).

¶Asai Shrine (Note: it now stands in Asai village and is called Asai Myōjin).

¶Mokui Shrine (Note: it now stands in Mehi village) probably enshrines the ancestor of the Mokui-no-Omi.

¶Chijohaya Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Jochihaya of Heaven").

¶Ozaki Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ozeki village, Haguri District, and is called Funatsuki Myōjin) enshrines the ancestor of Ozaki-no-Sukune, a branch of the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: following the Shoku Nihongi and the Engishiki. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Second Rank). It is said that the Ozaki clan, his descendants, have not ceased to revere and worship it down to the present (Note: following the Bisai Zushi).

¶Ishito Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Ishito of Heaven," written with different characters. The five shrines that follow all have the same rank. This shrine now stands within the Sanmyōjin shrine in Mayori village. To its southwest there is a place named Ishito, which is its former site) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Iwatowake-no-Mikoto, and takes a stone as its sacred body (Note: following the account of the local people).

¶Murohara Shrine.

¶Takada Hasoki Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Takada Hasoki of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Takada village, Haguri District, and is called Hachimangū) probably enshrines Ōheso-ki-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Mononobe clan (Note: following the Nihon Shoki, the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Engishiki).

¶Ōkuchi Shrine.

¶Mefu Shrine (Note: it now stands in Mefuri village) probably enshrines Ōmefu-no-Mikoto, a grandson of Ōhesoki (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Engishiki).

¶Kawawa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kōwa village and is called Jūsan Gongen. Kōwa is also written Takawa, and is probably a corruption of Kawawa).

¶Sakami Shrine (Note: it now stands in Honjinbe village in the Nakajima estate and is called Shinmeisha. It is also called Kita-Daimon Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Amaterasu-Ōmikami, and later to have added the two deities Sakamizu-o and Sakamizu-me as co-enshrined (Note: following the account of the local people. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior First Rank). In the time of Emperor Suinin, when Yamatohime stopped in this place bearing the great deity, the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko of this province presented the divine households of Nakajima (Note: following the Daijingū Zōjiki), and the local people brewed sake and offered it at the rites (Note: following the shrine's own record). This later became the custom (Note: following a ridge-beam plaque of the Gen'ei era), and it is said that the sake jars survive to this day (Note: following the Jinmyōchō Kōshō and the Chōshū Fushi).

¶Asai Shrine (Note: one manuscript of the Kokunaichō has "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Kizui of Heaven." It now stands in Higashi-Asai village, Kami-Kadoma estate, Haguri District, and is called Hachiryūgū).

¶Kuta Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, the Renowned Deity Kuda." Its ruined site is now at Kuta in Inajima village).

¶Teiji Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank. The three shrines that follow all have the same rank).

¶Ishitsukuri Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ishitsukuri village, Kaitō District, and is called Ishitsukuri Tenjin) enshrines Takemaneto-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Ishitsukuri-no-Muraji, a branch of the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: following the Shōjiroku, the Engishiki and the Jingi Hōten).

¶Chino Shrine.

¶Shioe Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakano village and is called Shirahige Myōjin).

¶Fuchi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, Deity of Fuchimori of Heaven." It now stands in Kabuto Shinden village, and the local people commonly call that place Fuchimori).

¶Munakata Shrine (Note: it now stands to the northeast of the Kokufunomiya and serves as its detached shrine. It is called Kakutama Myōjin) enshrines Tagorihime-no-Kami (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki), and takes a mirror as its divine image (Note: following the tradition of the shrine officials. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Second Rank).

¶Owari Ōkunitama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, the Renowned Deity Kunitama." It now stands in Kokufunomiya village in the Kokuga estate and is called Kokufunomiya) enshrines Owari-no-Kunitama-no-Kami (Note: following the Engishiki). In ancient times a divine person who had rendered services to a given land was called its "kunitama" (spirit of the land). Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto is the most famous example (Note: following the general sense of the Nihon Shoki). There are also some whose deity's name has not been handed down, and this shrine is one of them (Note: following the Engishiki). In the third year of Ninju, it was admitted to the official shrines (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). Later it became the Sōja (shrine of all the shrines) of the province. In the first year of Karoku (1225), Ono-no-Narimasa, formerly a Lieutenant of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards, petitioned: "This shrine is the Sōja of the whole province and is revered by all, high and low, but because it has no land set aside for repairs, with the passing of years it has fallen into disrepair. This is truly lamentable. I wish to undertake its restoration, and I request that land be assigned for this purpose." The province then had twelve chō of fields assigned (Note: following the Ōkunitama-sha documents).

¶Ōmitama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, the Renowned Deity Ōmitama." It now stands to the southwest of the Kokufunomiya and serves as its detached shrine) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Yamato-no-Ōkunitama-no-Kami and Kotoshironushi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Kokunaichō Shūsetsu and the Chōshū Fushi). It takes a mirror as its sacred body (Note: following the tradition of the shrine officials). In the third year of Ninju, it was admitted to the official shrines (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Tomoe Shrine (Note: it now stands in Yoshifuji village and is called Kamie Myōjin. In the local dialect "kami" is read as "tomo," which sounds like the "tomo" of Tomoe). In the seventh year of Jōgan, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior First Rank).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all of these twenty-seven shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Haguri District (10 shrines)

¶Anatabe Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Anata of Heaven." The nine shrines that follow all have the same rank).

¶Ajika Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Ajika of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Ajika Naomichi village, Haguri District, Mino Province, and is called Yatsurugi-gū).

¶Wakakuri Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ōyake-gō Shima village and is called Hachimangū. This place was formerly Wakuri village in the Wakakuri district). Those descendants of Amatarashihiko-Kuni-oshihito-no-Miko who lived in this district were called the Haguri-no-Omi (Note: following the Kojiki, the Shōjiroku and the Chirifukuro). This shrine probably enshrines their ancestor.

¶Kuroda Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kuroda village and is called Hakusansha).

¶Ōno Shrine (Note: it now stands within the precincts of the Kanro-ji on Hachimanyama in Ōno village).

¶Ishitsukuri Shrine (Note: it now stands in Futaya village, Haguri District, Mino Province, and is called Ishitsukuri Myōjin).

¶Ubusuna Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shima village) probably enshrines Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: following the general sense of the Kojiki and the Sendai Kuji Hongi). It is said that Iokiirihime-no-Mikoto was later added as a co-enshrined deity (Note: following the shrine's own tradition, with reference to the general sense of the Aizōshō; this book writes the name as "Iiri-hime"). Emperor Sujin took as consort Ōamahime, daughter of Taketase-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Owari-no-Muraji, and Yasakairihiko-no-Mikoto was born. Yasakairihiko lived in Mino, and Empress Yasakairihime was born. The empress gave birth to Iokiirihime in this place (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Sendai Kuji Hongi; the passage from "the empress gave birth" onward takes the Aizōshō as its reference). For this reason this shrine is called the Ubusuna Deity (Note: following the Aizōshō). "Ubusuna" means the original dwelling place (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Aizōshō).

¶Kawashima Shrine stands in Kawashima village in the Kawanuma district (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Kawashima of Heaven." It now belongs to Mino Province; the shrine called Shirahige-sha in Kawashima Kasadajima village, in the middle of the Kiso River, is probably this one). In the time of Emperor Shōmu, Ōshiamabe-no-Oshihito reported: "The deity transformed into a white deer and has often shown marvelous signs," and by imperial command it was made a shrine of the heavenly deities (Note: following the Owari Fudoki as quoted in the Man'yōshū commentary of Senkaku).

¶Ifuribe Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Iiri of Heaven." It now stands in Kadoma village and is called Hachiman. To the west of the shrine lies Ihori-da, which is a remnant of the old place name). Among the branches of the Owari-no-Muraji there was Ifukube-no-Sukune (Note: following the Shōjiroku), and this shrine probably enshrines their ancestor.

¶Ōmo Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Ōke of Heaven." It now stands in Ōmo village).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all ten shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Niwa District (22 shrines)

¶Ōagata Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ninomiya village and is called Ōagata-gū, also Ninomiya Myōjin) probably enshrines a deity related on the maternal side to Ōarata-no-Mikoto, ancestor of the Niwa-no-Agatanushi, who was also related to Shiritsukune, ancestor of the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi. Note: in the entry for the Muko clan of Izumi Province in an old manuscript of the Shōjiroku, Ōarata-no-Mikoto is listed as a third-generation descendant of Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto, and some hold that he is the same person. But Yamato Takeru was a contemporary of Takeinadane, the father of Shiritsukune, and it is doubtful that his third-generation descendant should be the maternal grandfather of Shiritsukune. He is probably a different person of the same name, and so this view is not adopted). In the fourteenth year of Jōwa, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the first year of Ninju, it became an official shrine. In the third year, Junior Fourth Rank Lower was added (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the first year of Jōgan (859), it was advanced to Junior Fourth Rank Upper, and soon afterwards an envoy was sent to present the rank certificate and sacred treasures. In the fifteenth year, it rose to Senior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki). Later it was called the Ninomiya (second shrine) of the province (Note: following the Kokunaichō Shūsetsu). The Shigematsu clan, a branch of the Owari-no-Muraji, served generation after generation as its shrine officials (Note: following the Ryakunin 1 official proclamation and the Chōshū Fushi).

¶Azura Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, the Renowned Deity Azura." It now stands in Azura village) enshrines Ame-no-Mikatsuhime-no-Mikoto, consort of Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Izumo no Kuni Fudoki and the Owari Fudoki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi. "Ame-no-Mikatsu" is also written "Ame-no-Mikaji" or "Ama-no-Mikatsu"). Homutsuwake-no-Mikoto, a child of Emperor Suinin, could not speak even after he had grown up. While the empress was troubled by this, a deity appeared in a dream and said: "I am the deity of the land of Taku, Ame-no-Mikatsuhime (Note: the Izumo Province has a Taku district in Shimane District, and this is the ancient land of Taku). If you set up a priest for me, the prince will surely be able to speak." The emperor therefore had divination performed and sent Takeoka-no-Kimi, ancestor of the Hiokibe, to search for the deity's place. Takeoka reached Mount Kaga in Mino and made a wreath from a branch of the sakaki tree. He prayed, "Where this wreath comes to rest, there surely the deity will be," and threw it. A shrine was built where the wreath fell, and the deity was enshrined there (Note: following the Owari Fudoki).

¶Tagata Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior First Rank, Deity of Tagata of Heaven." The twenty shrines that follow all have the same rank. This shrine now stands at Agatamori in Kubo-isshiki village, Kasugai District) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Mitoshi-no-Kami (Note: following the Kogo Shūi and the account of the local people). To this day, at each annual Toshigoi rite, the villagers fashion a phallic form out of wood and dedicate it (Note: following the Jinmyōchō Kōshō Dodai). This preserves an old story from the age of the gods (Note: following the Kogo Shūi).

¶Inagi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Yoriki village in the Inaoki estate and is the Sōja of the fifty-three villages of the estate) probably enshrines Ōnakatsuhiko-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Inagi-wake (Note: following the Kojiki. The Owari Shi and the account of the local people were also consulted).

¶Ishitsukuri Shrine.

¶Igahara Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Igahara of Heaven." It now stands in Kiga village and is called Shingū. "Ki" was originally written with a different character and read "iku," that is "Iku," which is a corruption of "Iga." Later the character was read "ki," and then yet another character for "ki" came to be used, until the original reading was finally lost).

¶Yamana Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Yamana of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Minami-Yamana village and is the Motoi-no-Kami of the two villages of North and South Yamana) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Yano-wakahime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine account quoted in the Owari Shi).

¶Niwa Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Niwa of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Niwa village) probably enshrines Kamuyaimimi-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Owari-no-Niwa-no-Omi (Note: following the Kojiki and the Engishiki).

¶Sakiri Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Sakito of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Saitō village. In the land survey register of the Keichō era Saitō is written with the characters for "Sakito," which is a variant of "Sakiri." Names such as Agataya and Shikiagatamiya still survive in that village and the neighboring villages) probably enshrines Kamuyaimimi-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Sakiri-no-Muraji, who held the rank of Agatanushi (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki and the Engishiki).

¶Morokuwa Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Morokuwa of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Gakuden village. A ridge-beam plaque of the Tenshō era reads "Suwa Daimyōjin enshrined at Morokuwa," and a plaque of the Kanbun era reads "the shrine enshrined at Morokuwa," written with other characters. From this, Gakuden is probably the ancient site of Morokuwa) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Takeminakata-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Tenshō-era plaque and the account of the local people).

¶Aguma Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Azuma of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Amma village).

¶Haritsuna Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nagurimachi, Inuyama, and is called Hakusan).

¶Ikuta Shrine (Note: it now stands at Kokuno in Tokushige village, Kasugai District, and is called Ikuta Myōjin).

¶Takumi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Takumi of Heaven," written with different characters. Its ruined site is now in Nishi-Ōkaidō village, and near it, spread over several villages, is a place name Takumi) probably enshrines the ancestor of the Takumi-no-Miyatsuko, a clan of the same stock as the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki).

¶Narumi Toneri Shrine (Note: the character "ne" is written in one manuscript with another character and elsewhere with yet another, but these are probably errors. The Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Narumi of Heaven." The shrine now stands at Narumi in Haguro village).

¶Sakuri Shrine.

¶Takumi Shrine (a different Takumi, written with other characters) (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of the Craftsmen of Heaven." It now stands in Shimono village and is called Shinmei. The place to the east of the shrine is called Tenjin, and the area to its southeast is called Ō-Takumi. The Takumi no Mikuriya that appears in the Jingū Shō is this very place).

¶Mushika Shrine (Note: it was originally in Iruka village in the Mushika estate, and was later moved to Maehara Shinden village, where it is called Sanmyōjin).

¶Tateno Shrine (Note: it now stands at Shimonokiri in Asano village and is called Tateno Tenjin).

¶Ide Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyaushiro village and is called Ide-gū).

¶Oguchi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakagumi, Oguchi village).

¶Shiomichi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shiojiri village and is called Shinmei).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all of these twenty-one shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Kasukabe District (12 shrines)

¶Hita Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Hita of Heaven," written with different characters. The nine shrines that follow all have the same rank. The shrine now stands in Hayashi village, and in the village the name Hita still survives, written with other characters).

¶Oe Shrine (Note: on consideration, in the present Honjō village there is a Hasshomyōjin, and in that place there are Ue-yama and Ue-gawa. These seem to be remnants of this shrine, but no firm proof has yet been obtained. Further, one manuscript of this book writes the first character as "U." The Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Uoe of Heaven." From this, "Oe" should probably be "Uoe").

¶Katayama Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kita-Toyama village and is called Rokushomyōjin).

¶Toyama Shrine (Note: it now stands at Katayama in Mama village).

¶Kunihara Shrine (Note: it now stands in Izeki village and is called Kurihara Tenjin. The characters for "kuni" and "kuri" have sounds close to each other). The eighteenth-generation descendant of Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto is called Owari-Kurihara-no-Muraji (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi). This shrine may enshrine him.

¶Mutsushi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Mutsushi of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Mutsushi village and is called Hakusansha) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Izanami-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Ajima Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ajima village and is called Rokushomyōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Umashimade-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Shiojiri).

¶Mononobe Shrine (Note: it now stands about two chō northeast of the Ajima shrine and is called the auxiliary shrine Tenjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Umashimade-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's account. Note: on consideration, in the village there is a Futagoyama, surrounded by a pond and a ditch. The local people say it is the tomb of Umashimade, and on each festival day the shrine officials present offerings there).

¶Itahato Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Itahato of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Tagaku village and is called Hachimansha. According to the local people, in ancient times a dove was painted on a board and dedicated, and this too supports the shrine's name).

¶Takamu Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Takami of Heaven." It now stands at Takamijima in Seko village and is called Takamijima Tenjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Takamimusubi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Utsutsu Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, Deity of Utsutsu of Heaven." It now stands in Utsutsu village in the Shinoki estate and is called Utsutsu Myōken) enshrines Takeinadane-no-Mikoto, ancestor of the Owari-no-Muraji (Note: consulted the Atsuta-sha Engi and the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki). Takeinadane accompanied Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto on the eastern campaign. On his return journey, Yamato Takeru reached Shinoki in Owari, and, hearing that Takeinadane had died at sea, he grieved and lamented, saying, "Utsutsu ya, utsutsu ya!" ("Can it be real? Can it be real?"). A shrine was therefore built and he was enshrined there (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Engi. "Utsutsu" and the characters of the shrine name share the same reading).

¶Take Shrine (Note: it now stands in Take village and is called Kumano Gongen. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all twelve shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Yamada District (19 shrines)

¶Katayama Shrine (Note: it now stands in Higashi-Sugi village in the Yamada estate, Kasugai District, and is called Zaō Gongen. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank. The fifteen shrines that follow all have the same rank. Note: on consideration, Yamada District was later abolished and came to be called, for the most part, Ino-no-kōri. Some parts were also incorporated into Aichi District. The shrines of the old district were therefore divided between two districts. Kasugai is in fact the ancient Kasukabe).

¶Ōme Shrine (Note: it now stands at Ōmemori in Akazu village in the Yamada estate and is called Hachiōjisha. The shrine keeps a register of the deities of the province, and the "Ōme Hachiōji-gū" in its postscript is this shrine).

¶Hitsuji Shrine (Note: it now stands in Tsuji village in the Yamada estate and is called Shinmei).

¶Fukagawa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Seto village in the Yamada estate and is called Hachiōjisha).

¶Kawashima Shrine (Note: its location is not clear. The shrine called Hachiman in Kawaguchi village in the present Yamada estate is probably this one. A document of the Tenshō era kept by a villager of Takagi village in Niwa District says "Oguchi village in Yamada District," showing that at that time there was an Oguchi village in the district. In the present Yamaguchi village there is a valley called Oguchi-dani, probably a remnant of the old name. From this, Yamaguchi is probably the ancient Oguchi village).

¶Inu Shrine (Note: it now stands in Inō village in the Yamada estate) probably enshrines Ame-no-Mikatsuhime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Izumo no Kuni Fudoki and the Engishiki).

¶Kane Shrine (Note: it now stands at Kogane-yama in Kami-Mizuno village in the Yamada estate and is called Hakusan) enshrines Owari-no-Kane-no-Muraji, a grandson of Shiritsukune-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Tajima genealogy).

¶Wanira Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Wani of Heaven").

¶Tanabata Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Keta-hata of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Tabata village in the Yamada estate) probably enshrines Ame-no-Tanabatahime-no-Kami (Note: following the Kogo Shūi and the Engishiki).

¶Wata Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Wada of Heaven." It now stands in Nishi-Shiga village in the Yamada estate) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Watatsumi-no-Kami (Note: following the shrine's own account and the Owari Shi). It is said that in ancient times this whole area was sea, and so this deity was worshipped (Note: following the legend of the local people).

¶Shibukawa Shrine (Note: it now stands at Sofugawa in Inba village in the Yamada estate and is called Sofugawa Myōjin, also Hachiza Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine the eight deities worshipped in the Daijō-gū, because Emperor Temmu divined and fixed the site of the Yuki ritual ground in this place (Note: following the shrine's own tradition. Note: the shrine's tradition says "the eight deities of the Jingikan," which is an error, and it has been corrected here according to the Daijōsai Shiki).

¶Ōnogi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Ōnogi of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Ōnogi village in the Yamada estate and is called Rokushomyōjin).

¶Owari Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Owarida of Heaven." It now stands in Kobari village in the Ajioka estate, Kasugai District, and is called Sannōsha) probably enshrines Ame-no-Kaguyama-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Owari-no-Sukune (Note: consulted the general sense of the Shōjiroku, the Shoku Nihongi, the Engishiki and the shrine's tradition).

¶Wakeoe Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Ōe of Heaven." It now stands in Yasui village in the Yamada estate and is called Rokushomyōjin. A document of the Tenshō era kept by the shrine official, the Inagaki clan, contains the phrase "shrine attendant of Wakeoe Shrine," which serves as evidence).

¶Ōi Shrine (Note: it now stands at Ōi in Nyoi village in the Yamada estate and is called Rokushomyōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine the three deities Mitsuhanome, Hayaakitsuhiko and Hayaakitsuhime (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Sakaniwa Shrine (Note: at present, in Sakaido, a hamlet of Kami-Odai village in the Odai estate, Kasugai District, there is the Sakaniwa Hoshinomiya. Its documents write Sakaniwa as "Sakaniwa" with other characters and also as "Sakaba," and this is probably it. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Second Rank).

¶Owaribe Shrine (Note: it now stands on Owari-yama in Shimo-Mizuno village in the Yamada estate and is called Tōkoku Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto, Ame-no-Kaguyama-no-Mikoto and Takeinadane-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition. Note: one account says it "enshrines Hikoyaimimi-no-Mikoto, ancestor of the Owaribe." For the present the shrine's tradition is followed. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank, and the Ishitsukuri shrine below is the same).

¶Ishitsukuri Shrine (Note: it now stands in Iwatsukuri village in the Yamada estate, Aichi District, and is called Shinmei) enshrines Takemaneto-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Shōjiroku, the Engishiki and the shrine's own tradition).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all nineteen shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Aichi District (17 shrines)

¶Atsuta Shrine (Note: it now stands at Esaki in the Atsuta district) enshrines the divine sword Kusanagi, that is, the sacred power that Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto left behind (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Kogo Shūi). This matter has already appeared above. There are two shrine buildings. The eastern one is called the Toyōden; it houses the divine sword and is named Atsuta-no-Sumeōkami. The western one is called the main hall and is divided into three halls, with the west as the senior seat, facing south. The western hall enshrines Amaterasu-Ōmikami and Susanoo-no-Mikoto; the middle hall enshrines Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto; the eastern hall enshrines Miyasuhime-no-Mikoto and Takeinadane-no-Mikoto. The divine platforms in each are all raised seats, but that of Takeinadane alone is one grade lower. This was rebuilt in the reign of Emperor Temmu (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki. The shrine account quoted in the Jingi Hōten and the Chōshū Fushi were consulted. "Facing south" is from the Kōran Sō). Miyasuhime was the consort of Yamato Takeru and the younger sister of Takeinadane. At this time seven shrine guardians were first appointed, one of them as chief, and all were exempted from corvée labor (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Engi). Shiritsukune, a child of Takeinadane, was first granted the clan title Owari-no-Muraji and became the priest of this shrine. From then on, his family served generation after generation as chief priests and priests (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Engi and the Tajima genealogy). The regulation of the second year of Kōnin (811) states: "Let the common people of the divine households be permanently relieved of public service and devote themselves solely to the shrine rites" (Note: following the Atsuta-sha ancient documents). In the thirteenth year it was granted Junior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku). On the accession of Emperor Ninmyō, it was advanced from Junior Third Rank to Senior Third Rank, and fifteen households of fief were presented (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki. Note: on consideration, the Montoku Jitsuroku says it was advanced to Senior Third Rank in the year of the emperor's accession, but if it already held Senior Third Rank in that year, it is doubtful that the same rank would be offered again. There is probably an error in the Jitsuroku's entry, and so the doubt is left standing here). Later thirty more households of fief from its home province were presented (Note: following the Shinshō Kyakuchokufu). In the fourteenth year of Jōwa, Miyamaro, a priest of the Hafuribe, petitioned that the common people of the divine households be exempted from public service in accordance with the Kōnin regulation. In the third year of Kashō (850), the emperor's illness did not heal. Divination was performed and the answer was "there is a curse from the Atsuta deity." By imperial command it was therefore forbidden to assign the people of the divine households to public service, and soon afterwards the allotment of regular rice taxes to the divine households was suspended (Note: following the Atsuta-sha ancient documents). In the first year of Jōgan, it was advanced to Junior Second Rank. Soon Senior Second Rank was added, and officials were sent to present the rank certificate and sacred treasures (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the third year of Shōtai (900), because the provincial governor, in violation of the written order, had been making the shrine's Hafuribe serve concurrently as district officials or assigning them as transport officers, hindering their ritual purification and inviting curses, the court prohibited this once again (Note: following the Atsuta-sha ancient documents). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities. Its sacred tax revenue was applied to the shrine's needs after awaiting the decision of the Benkan (Note: following the Engishiki). Under the old system, seven shrines, namely Hisaki-Miko, Hikowaka-Miko, Takakuramusubi-Miko, Kami-Shimo-Chikama, Yatsurugi and Hikami-Aneko, were made detached shrines (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki). Later the two shrines Mita and Aobusuma were added as subordinate shrines (Note: following the Chōshū Fushi and the Atsuta-sha Mondō Zatsuroku). Later it rose to Senior First Rank (Note: following the Nihon Kiryaku and the Kokunaichō), and was called the Sannomiya (third shrine) of the province (Note: following the Genpei Jōsuiki, the Heike Monogatari and the Shintōshū). Minamoto-no-Yoritomo, Fujiwara-no-Yoritsune and others in succession revered it and presented swords, horses and offerings (Note: following the Azuma Kagami). In the Shōhei era, the sacred fields amounted to more than 560 chō (Note: following the Atsuta Shinryō Mokuroku). In later ages the regular festivals were: the Toshigoi rite on the first Horse day of the second month, and the Military Rite on the fourth day of the fifth month (Note: following the Chōshū Fushi). Its shrine officials included the Ō-Gūji (chief high priest), Gon-Gūji (acting high priest), Negi, Hafurishi, Sō-Kengyō and Ō-Uchindo, all of which are said to have been hereditary posts of the Owari clan (Note: following the Tajima genealogy and the Chōshū Fushi).

¶Hisaki-Miko Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Hisaki." It now stands to the south of the Atsuta shrine) enshrines Takekai-no-Miko (Note: an old account says it "enshrines the flint that Yamato Takeru wore at his side, set up as a deity," but this probably interprets "Hisaki" as "fire-breaking" and forces a connection with the fire-striking flint. It is not adopted here).

¶Hikowaka-Miko Shrine (Note: it now stands in Suehirochō, Nagoya, and is called Wakamiya. In popular usage, because of the name Wakamiya, it has come mistakenly to be called Hachimangū. One account says that the one within the Atsuta shrine precincts is its place of distant worship) enshrines Wakatake-no-Miko (Note: the Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank).

¶Takakuramusubi-Miko Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Takakura." It now stands in Hataaya village) enshrines Emperor Chūai (Note: following the Jinmyōchō Tōchū and the shrine's own tradition).

¶These three shrines on the right are all children of Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Nihon Shoki). They are therefore called the Child Deities of the Great Deity of Atsuta. In the second year of Jōwa (835), all were counted among the renowned deities (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). Under the Engi regulations, they too were all ranked as major shrines of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Hioki Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hioki village in the Hioki estate and is called Sembonmatsu Hachiman. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Third Rank).

¶Kami-Chikama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Upper Chikama." It was originally north of the Hoshinomiya in Honji village, but has now been moved to Atsuta Ichibachō) enshrines Otoyo-no-Mikoto, the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko of this province (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki and the Tajima genealogy). It is said that the two families of shrine officials, the Ōki and the Baba, still worship him as the deity's descendants (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Mondō Zatsuroku and the Kaihō Meishō Shi. Note: on consideration, in common usage this shrine is called the Gendayū-sha and is regarded as the local tutelary deity of Atsuta. A document of the sixth year of Jōji (1367) of the Atsuta shrine contains the phrase "Atsuta Sō-Kengyō-shoku and Gendayū," and since "Gen" (written with the character for Minamoto) and "Ken" have closely related sounds, "Gendayū" is probably the title of the post of those who perform the worship).

¶Shimo-Chikama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Second Rank, the Renowned Deity Lower Chikama." It was originally at Shimo-Chikama in Honji village, but has now been moved to the north of the Chinkōmon gate of the Atsuta shrine) enshrines Mashikitobe-no-Mikoto, wife of Otoyo, and Tamahime-no-Mikoto, wife of Takeinadane (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki. Note: on consideration, in common usage this shrine is called the Kidayū-sha, and its meaning is probably the same as above). Tamahime is in fact the daughter of Ōarata, the Niwa-no-Agatanushi (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi).

¶Mita Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Mita of Heaven." The six shrines that follow all have the same rank. This shrine now stands within the Chinkōmon gate and is called Takaradasha) enshrines Ukemochi-no-Kami (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki). At the Atsuta shrine, at the Toshigoi and Niiname rites, this deity is always worshipped. At the Naorai feast on the following day the shrine officials gather at this shrine and the Owari clan performs the Yamato dance; this ritual is said to have begun in the first year of Shuchō (686) (Note: following the Chōshū Fushi, the Jinmyōchō Kōshō and the Atsuta-sha Nenjū Gyōji).

¶Takamu Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Takamuku of Heaven." It now stands in Furui village and is called Furui Hachiman) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Takamimusubi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Kawara Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kawana village and is called Shinmei) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Haniyamahime-no-Kami (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Harina Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hirabari village and is called Hirabari Tenjin) enshrines Owari-no-Harinane-no-Muraji, a child of Shiritsukune-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Tajima genealogy).

¶Ifuku Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Deity of Ifukuri of Heaven") probably enshrines Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Ifukube-no-Muraji (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki).

¶Narumi Shrine (Note: it now stands on Otogo-yama at the Narumi post-station in the Narumi estate and is called Tōgū Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto, with Miyasuhime-no-Mikoto and Takeinadane-no-Mikoto as co-enshrined deities (Note: following the Tōgū Myōjin Shaki. The legends of the local people were also consulted). It was founded in the first year of Shuchō. This place is said to be where Yamato Takeru halted during the eastern campaign (Note: following the Tōgū Myōjin Shaki).

¶Mononobe Shrine (Note: it now stands in Furui village and is called Ishigamidō) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Umashimade-no-Mikoto, and takes a huge rock as its sacred body (Note: following the shrine's own tradition).

¶Yatsurugi Shrine (Note: it now stands to the south of the Atsuta shrine and is called Shimomiya) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Tōgoku Jindōki). It was founded in the first year of Shuchō. In the first year of Wadō (708), an edict ordered "newly make a precious sword and present it," and Tajihi-no-Mahito Ikemori was sent to conduct the rite (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki and the shrine's own tradition. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank. Note: on consideration, the Jinmei Hisho and the Tsurugi no Maki of the Heike Monogatari both say that "after the monk Dōgyō attempted to seize the precious sword, seven swords were specially made and placed in this shrine, and it was called the Yatsurugi-gū." The Genpei Jōsuiki also gives this account and says, "Fearing that someone like Dōgyō might appear again in later ages, four swords were made and stored within the shrine; no one but the foremost shrine official can tell the new from the old." These are probably all accounts forced into agreement with the name 'Yatsurugi' (eight swords), and are not adopted here). All its ceremonies follow those of the Atsuta shrine. Except for the Toshigoi and Niiname rites, offerings are first presented at this shrine and only afterwards are rites offered at the Atsuta shrine (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Mondō Zatsuroku, the Kaihō Meishō Shi and the Tōkaidō Meisho Zue).

¶Hikami-Aneko Shrine stands in Hikami village (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Third Rank, Deity of Hikami-Aneko of Heaven." It now stands in Ōdaka village, Chita District, and is called Hikami Myōjin. "Hi" (fire) and "Hi" (ice) share the same reading). It enshrines Miyasuhime-no-Mikoto. Once, when Yamato Takeru was in Kai and composed a song thinking of Miyasuhime, the phrase "Hikami-no-Aneko" occurred in it, and the shrine's name derives from this (Note: on consideration, according to this book, the name of Hikami village derives from its being the place where Miyasuhime was born and raised). The Amabe clan, a branch of the Owari clan, serves as its Kannushi (Note: following the Atsuta-sha Engi. "Kannushi" is also written "Hafuri" in one manuscript). Its rites follow those of the Yatsurugi shrine, and it is said that, except for the Toshigoi and Niiname rites, the main shrine is worshipped first (Note: following the Atsuta Sonmei Ki).

¶Aobusuma Shrine (Note: it now stands outside the Kaizōmon gate of the Atsuta shrine) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ame-no-Hitama-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition). Ame-no-Hitama is probably Amateru-Mitama, that is, Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto (Note: on consideration, according to the Atsuta-sha Engi, this district was the place the Owari clan held as its base generation after generation. "Aobusuma" and "Motoi" have closely related readings. Probably the Owari clan worshipped their ancestor and called him the Motoi-no-Kami. This is added for later consideration. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Second Rank).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all of these thirteen shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Chita District (3 shrines)

¶Agui Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, Deity of Ahi of Heaven." It now stands in Hieomiya village in the Ahi estate and is called Hachimansha. The villagers of the sixteen villages of the estate gather, bearing two small images, male and female, and worship them, calling them Agui-dono; this is the practice referred to).

¶Irimi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, Deity of Irimi of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Nakago village in the Utsumi estate and is called Hachiōji. It is the tutelary shrine of the sixteen villages of the estate).

¶Hazu Shrine (Note: it now stands on a rocky head over the sea at Hatagashira Tazaki, Morozaki village, and is called Hatagashira-zaki Myōjin) enshrines Takeinadane-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Tajima genealogy and the Chōshū Fushi. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior First Rank).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Those Not Recorded in the Official Registers

¶Sogi Shrine: its location is now unknown. In the seventh year of Jōgan, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Kurisu Shrine stands in Kasugai District (Note: following the Kokunaichō). It probably enshrines Nigihayahi-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Kurisu-no-Muraji (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the sixteenth year of Jōgan, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fourth Rank Lower).

¶Mikawa

¶Kamo District (7 shrines)

¶Nomi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nōmi village and is called Nōmiyama Tennō) probably enshrines Nomi-no-Sukune, ancestor of the Haji-no-Sukune, a branch of whom lived in this province (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki. Note: on consideration, according to the Daijōsai Shiki, this province contributed seven kinds of earthenware, probably because the Haji clan lived in this place). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Mikawa Kuninai Jinmyōchō gives Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶No Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fourth Rank Lower, the Renowned Deity of the Nosha." It now stands in Noguchi village, and the villagers of seven neighboring villages worship it) probably enshrines Kayanohime, the deity of the fields (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki).

¶Hyōzu Shrine (Note: it now stands on Tenjinyama in Arai village and is called Ōshima Myōjin. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Iho Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Iho of Heaven." It now stands on the hilltop north of Kami-Iho village and is called Zaōsha. Note: on consideration, in Harima Province there is the Ibo shrine, which enshrines Ame-no-Hoakari-no-Mikoto. "Iho" and "Ibo" share the same reading, so this shrine probably enshrines the same deity. This is added for reference).

¶Sanage Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior First Rank, the Great Shining Deity Sanage." It now stands on Sanage-yama in Sanage village and is called Sanage Myōjin) enshrines Ōusu-no-Mikoto, a child of Emperor Keikō (Note: following the Jinmyōchō Tōchū and the shrine's own tradition. Note: on consideration, in the village there is a peak called Washitori, where the tomb of Ōusu-no-Mikoto lies. This peak adjoins Mino, and Mino was the fief of Ōusu). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the sixth and twelfth years of Jōgan, one rank was added in succession, advancing it to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: this book states that Senior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred again in the eighteenth year, but this is probably an interpolation). In the first year of Gangyō, it rose from Senior Fifth Rank Upper to Junior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In later ages a festival was held every year on the ninth day of the ninth month, and several hundred decorated saddle horses were presented from this province and from Mino and Owari (Note: following the Wakan Sansai Zue). Its shrine officials included the posts of Sō-Kengyō and Bettō (Note: following the Mikawa Koseki Kō).

¶Hirosawa Shrine (Note: it now stands at Hirosawa at the foot of Sanage-yama and is called Hirosawa Tenjin. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Haihō Shrine (Note: it now stands in Koshido village and is called Hagan-sha. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all seven shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Nukata District (2 shrines)

¶Inasaki Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Inasa of Heaven." It now stands in Inaguma village and is called Shinmeigū) was established to enshrine the sacred spirit of the Kōtai Jingū, because this place was the site of the divine households of the Kōtai Jingū (Note: following the Jingū Shō and the legends of the local people. Note: on consideration, according to the Jingū Shō, among the fief households of this province there is the Iyakuma-no-Mison. "Iyakuma" is a corruption of "Inasaki." An inscription of the Senpuku-ji in the village states: "In ancient times a divine storehouse was placed here, and the people of the divine households first delivered their tax rice here, and afterwards sent it to Ise").

¶Atsuwa Shrine (Note: the character "wa" is also written with another character. It was at first in Achiwa village, but was later moved to Mikura village, Kamo District). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Third Rank).

¶Under the Engi regulations, both shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Hekikai District (6 shrines)

¶Washitori Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Washitori of Heaven." It now stands in Kakizaki village, and beside the shrine there is a place called Washitori. Note: on consideration, the site of the Sanage shrine mentioned above is also called Washitori Peak. This shrine is probably connected with it. The Jinmyōchō Tōchū says, "The two deities Sanage and Washitori are brothers." Considering the Shōjiroku, Iokiirihiko-no-Mikoto, a half-brother of Ōusu-no-Mikoto, was the ancestor of the Mitate-no-Fubito, whose family lived in this district generation after generation. From this, this shrine may perhaps enshrine Iokiirihiko. This is added for reference).

¶Sakahito Shrine (Note: it now stands in Sakato village, and the Kokunaichō gives it Junior Fifth Rank Upper. Note: on consideration, according to the Shōjiroku, among the descendants of Prince Uno, a child of Emperor Keitai, there are families such as the Sakahito-no-Mahito and the Sakahito-Ogawa-no-Mahito. Now this shrine stands in Sakato village, and "Sakato" is in fact "Sakahito," and in the neighboring land there is Ogawa village. It was probably the Sakahito clan who worshipped their ancestor here. This is added for reference).

¶Hinaga Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakajima village and is called Shinmei-shi. Note: on consideration, the "Hinaga Jingū" recorded in the old records of the Sōfuku-ji in this village probably refers to this shrine). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Fourth Rank Lower).

¶Chiryū Shrine (Note: the character "chi" is also written with another character in one manuscript. It now stands west of the Chiryū post-station and is called Koifu Myōjin) enshrines Kibi-no-Takehiko-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki. Note: the Jingi Hōten, following legend, says it enshrines Ōtomo-no-Takehi-no-Muraji, but this is added for reference). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the sixth and twelfth years of Jōgan, one rank was added in succession. In the eighteenth year, it was advanced from Junior Fourth Rank Lower to Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank).

¶Hiso Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kami-Wada village and is called Hiso Tenjin. The place name Hiso still survives near the shrine. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Fifth Rank Upper).

¶Kasume Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyaji village, and in the village there is Kasume-morizaki). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fourth Rank Lower).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all six shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Hazu District (3 shrines)

¶Kumaku Shrine, 2 seats (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Junior Fourth Rank Lower, the Shining Deity Kumaki." One seat now stands in Kumako village and is called Inari Myōjin. The other stands in Yatsuomote village and is called Taihō Tennō. Note: on consideration, in the Kumaki district of Hakui District in Noto Province there is the Kumakabuto-Arakashihiko Shrine, and this shrine may perhaps enshrine the same deity. This is added to await later consideration).

¶Hazu Shrine (Note: the character "ha" is also written with another character. The Kokunaichō gives "Senior First Rank, the Great Shining Deity Hari." It now stands in Miyazaki village in the Hatagashira estate) enshrines Takeinadane-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Atsuta Chinza Shidai Honki and the shrine's own tradition). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Hoi District (6 shrines)

¶Katahara Shrine (Note: it now stands in Katahara village. The Kokunaichō gives it Junior Fourth Rank Lower).

¶Mito Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hiroishi village in the Mito estate and is called Funasu Myōjin). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Third Rank).

¶Utari Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kozakai village and is called Utari Hachiman). In the sixth year of Jōgan, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Third Rank). A festival is held every year on the eleventh day of the first month of summer and is called the Kazematsuri (Wind Festival). In ancient times boar meat was offered at the rite, but in later ages sparrows were substituted for it (Note: following the Konjaku Monogatari and the Jinmyōchō Kōshō Dodai).

¶Toga Shrine (Note: it now stands at Motomoyama in Ichinomiya village and is called Hongū. Motomo is in fact the ancient Togayama) enshrines Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki, the shrine's own tradition and the Futakata Onsen Ki. Note: the Onsen Ki says that "the two deities Ōanamochi and Sukunahikona went to the land of Futakata and opened hot springs, and afterwards left and went to Mikawa Province," and the origin of this shrine probably comes from this). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred. In the first year of Ninju, it was advanced to Junior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the sixth and twelfth years of Jōgan, one rank was added again. In the eighteenth year, it was advanced from Junior Fourth Rank Lower to Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank). Later it was called the Ichinomiya of the province (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki).

¶Akahiko Shrine (Note: the character "hiko" is also written with the character for "grandchild." It now stands in Kamigō village and is called Akahiko Myōjin) probably enshrines the ancestral deity of the Kanhatoribe. The descendants of that deity lived in this province generation after generation and made the "red-drawn thread" (akahiki no ito) and presented it to the Daijingū (Note: consulted the general sense of the Ryō no Gige, the Ryō no Shūge, the Jōgan Gishiki and the Engishiki. Note: on consideration, the "Mikawa red-drawn divine tribute thread" of the Ryō no Gige, and the "bright-drawn thread" presented at the Tsukinami rite of the Jingū in the Daijingū Gishikichō, are this very thing. In later ages the Miyoshi family of Nukata District presented it generation after generation, and it is said to continue today). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the seventh year of Jōgan, one rank was added. In the eighteenth year, it was advanced to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Second Rank).

¶Iwakura Shrine (Note: the character "kura" is also written with another character. The Kokunaichō places it in Shitara District, as "Senior Third Rank, the Great Shining Deity Iwakura." It now stands in Ōmiya village, Shitara District, and is called Iwakura Myōjin). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the seventh year of Gangyō (883), Junior Fifth Rank Upper was added (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all six shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Yana District (1 shrine)

¶Ishimaki Shrine (Note: the character "maki" is also written with another character. It now stands on Ishimakiyama in Jingō village in the Miwa estate and is called Ishimaki Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the account of the local people). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a minor shrine (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Atsumi District (1 shrine)

¶Ashi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ashi village). In the first year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Third Rank). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a minor shrine (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Tōtōmi

¶Hamana District (5 shrines)

¶Tsunosakuhiko Shrine (Note: on consideration, its location is now unknown. Some say that the old site of this shrine is on Shimo-Suwayama, west of Hashimoto village in the present Fuchi District. In the land below the mountain the name Tsunosake-shita still survives, and this is added to await later consideration). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, it was made an official shrine by edict (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). This matter appears in the Treatise on Food and Goods. Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Miwayama Shrine (Note: the shrine called Shinmei at Miwayama in Tadaki village, Jinko district, Fuchi District, is probably this one) probably enshrines Ōmononushi-no-Kami (Note: following the general sense of the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki).

¶Agata Shrine (Note: it now stands in Sanganichi village and is called Shinmei. The old name of the village was Agata, and it is said that the Agata clan served as chief priests generation after generation).

¶Inohanako Shrine (Note: the shrine called Sakoto Myōjin in Shimo-Ona village, Fuchi District, is probably this one. Beside the shrine there is a huge rock, called Inohana, facing Lake Inohana. Some also say that the main shrine was washed away by the tsunami of the Meiō era, and was therefore merged with the Suwa shrine of Hashimoto village. For the time being it is added for reference).

¶Ōmiwa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakago village, Fuchi District, and is called Ninomiya Myōjin, also Yamato Myōjin). This district was probably the site of the fief households of the Ōmiwa shrine of Yamato (Note: following the Shinshō Kyakuchokufu). For that reason its deity is worshipped here.

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four of the above shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Fuchi District (6 shrines)

¶Kisa Shrine (Note: it now stands on Zōjima at Maisaka post-station and is called Hachiōji) probably enshrines Kisagaihime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Kojiki and the legends of the local people. Note: the legend says that "this shrine takes the image of a woman as its sacred body and a single white shell as its sacred treasure").

¶Kobe Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hachiman village and is called Hachimansha. Its old site is at Komezu-hama) probably enshrines Taketome-no-Mikoto, ancestor of the Kobe clan (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki).

¶Tsumori Shrine (Note: it now stands in Sanno village, Naga-no-Kami District).

¶Oki Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ufumi village and is called Kome Myōjin) probably enshrines Shinatsuhiko-no-Mikoto (Note: following the general sense of the Nihon Shoki and the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the second year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred and it became an official shrine (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Sokono-Mitachi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kurematsu village and is called Kashima Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Takemikazuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the lyrics of the kagura songs handed down at this shrine and the shrine's records. Note: on consideration, the Yamatohime-no-Mikoto Seiki says: "When Yamatohime, bearing the great deity, journeyed to the Nakajima palace in Owari, the Agatanushi of Mino presented a boat, which was named Ame-no-Soitachi." From this, "Sokono-Mitachi" probably refers to a boat. The Tōtōmi Fudoki Den says: "This shrine holds its festival on the ninth day of the ninth month, making a boat-shaped model, offering it, and chanting kagura songs, whose words include the phrase 'Kashima boat.'" The Kashima-sha Reiden Ki says: "At the Kashima festival of the seventh month, a boat is made and presented," which is the same as the rites of this shrine. It is thus clear that they are the same deity). In the fourth year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Senior Sixth Rank Upper to Junior Fifth Rank Lower.

¶Kakuru Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kamiya village and is called Hachimansha. Note: on consideration, in the village there are Kakure-dani and Kakure-gawa, which are remnants of the shrine's name). In the fourth year of Jōgan, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all six shrines were ranked as minor shrines.

¶Inasa District (6 shrines)

¶Ii Shrine (Note: it now stands in Jingūji village in the Ii district and is called Hachimangū. It is the Sōja of the thirty-seven villages of the district) probably enshrines Mii-no-Kami (Note: following the Kojiki, the Engishiki and the Tōtōmi Fudoki Den).

¶Ii Shrine (Note: it now stands in Jingūji village in the Ii district and is called Hachimangū. It is the Sōja of the thirty-seven villages of the district) probably enshrines Mii-no-Kami (Note: following the Kojiki, the Engishiki and the Tōtōmi Fudoki Den).

¶Miyake Shrine (Note: it now stands in Iinoya village and is called Ninomiya Myōjin).

¶Hachisaki Shrine (Note: it now stands at Hachisaki in Hōden village and is called Hatori Myōjin).

¶Sube Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kami-Tsuda village in the Tsuda district and is called Shinmeigū. In the village there is a sacred field, and that place is called Sube, which preserves the old name) probably enshrines Amaterasu-Ōmikami (Note: following the Azuma Kagami, the Jingū Shō and the Tōtōmi Fudoki Den).

¶Taisatsu Shrine (Note: it is said that there is now a Gongen shrine on Mount Mitake in Mitake village, and that this is the old site of the main shrine).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all six shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Aratama District (4 shrines)

¶Oro Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shibamoto village, Toyoda District, and is called Oro Myōjin).

¶Taga Shrine (Note: it now stands on Takaneyama in Ono village, Toyoda District, and is called Takane Myōjin).

¶Hase Shrine (Note: it now stands in Horiya village and is called Rokusha Myōjin. Note: on consideration, the Ruijū Kokushi mentions Onaga-no-Atai, and the Tōdai-ji Shōsōin documents mention Ohatsusebe, both of whom were people of this province. This shrine probably enshrines their ancestor. This is added for reference).

¶Wakayamato Shrine (Note: it now stands at Yamato-shimo-bayashi in Kasai village, Naga-no-Kami District) probably enshrines Ame-no-Kaguyama-no-Mikoto, ancestor of the Wakayamatobe (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Engishiki).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Naga-no-Shimo District (4 shrines)

¶Nagano Shrine.

¶Ōmika Shrine.

¶Inoya Shrine.

¶Toroku Shrine (Note: on consideration, all accounts say that "the Shiigawaki Myōjin in Kita-Kashima village, Toyoda District, is this shrine," but that place lies far from the ancient Naga-no-Shimo District, which makes this doubtful).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Naga-no-Kami District (5 shrines)

¶Ōtoshi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kamidachi village. Some also say it stands in Tennō village).

¶Ōse Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kami-Ōse village and is called Shinmei).

¶Hatori Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hatori village, Toyoda District. Note: on consideration, according to the Engishiki, this province presented Kurehatori silk twill. The worship of this deity probably has its origin in that).

¶Asahi-Hataka Shrine (Note: it now stands in Uchino village, a neighbor of Handa village, and is called Shinmei) probably enshrines Amaterasu-Ōmikami (Note: following the Engishiki, the Jingū Shō and the Tōtōmi Fudoki Den. Note: the Jingū Shō mentions the Uji-no-Mikuriya; Uchino is in fact Ujino, and Handa is in fact Hata).

¶Kokura Shrine.

¶Under the Engi regulations, all five shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Iwata District (14 shrines)

¶Irimi Shrine (Note: on consideration, according to the Wamyōshō, there is an Irimi district in this district. In the present Kamo village, Toyoda District, there is Irime-yama Ōbuchi-ji village, which is probably the site of the ancient Irimi district. This shrine was probably in this place, but it seems to have since been abandoned).

¶Rokuon Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ninomiya village in the Oho district, Yamana District, and is called Rokuon Myōjin, also Takane Myōjin. It is the Sōja of the district). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the second year of Jōgan, Junior Fourth Rank Lower was added (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Ōmi-Kunitama Shrine (Note: it now stands in Mitsuke post-station village and is called Sōja Myōjin).

¶Tanaka Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakaizumi-chō, Toyoda District, and is called Tenaga Myōjin. To the southeast of the shrine grounds there is Tanakamori, which is said to be its old site).

¶Toyoikazuchi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands at Kaito in Mitsuke post-station).

¶Toyoikazuchime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it is now the same shrine as the Kazeikazuchi-no-Mikoto shrine).

¶Ikazuchi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Tenjinyama in Mitsuke post-station).

¶Ame-no-Miko Shrine, 2 seats (Note: it now stands in Mitsuke post-station and is called Gozu Tennō).

¶Mioya Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kamo-Higashi village in the Okada estate, Toyoda District, and is called Kamo Myōjin) probably enshrines Kamo-no-Mioya-no-Kami (Note: following the Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi, and the Engishiki). In the ninth year of Jōgan, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. Note: on consideration, this book has "Kamo-no-Kami" (written with another character for "kamo"), which probably refers to this shrine, and so it is listed here).

¶Miko Shrine, 2 seats (Note: in this book the character "kami" has another "kami" added above it as a superfluous character, but another manuscript is followed here. The shrine now stands at Daiken-ji in Mitsuke post-station and is called Miko Myōjin) probably enshrines Kamo-no-Miko-no-Kami (Note: following the Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi, and the Engishiki).

¶Yanahime Shrine (Note: it now stands on Tenjinyama in Mitsuke post-station and is called Yanahime Tenjin) probably enshrines Yano-wakahime-no-Mikoto, a child of Susanoo-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Izumo no Kuni Fudoki and the Engishiki). In the seventh year of Jōwa, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the second year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Upper to Senior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Suwa-Wakamiko Shrine (Note: it now stands on Suwayama in Mitsuke post-station and is called Wakamiko Shrine) probably enshrines the Suwa-no-Mikono-Kami of Shinano.

¶Under the Engi regulations, all fourteen shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Suchi District (3 shrines)

¶Kayahara-Kawauchi Shrine (Note: it now stands on Yamazumiyama in Jitōkata village and is called Yamazumisha). In the second year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Senior Fifth Rank Lower to Junior Fourth Rank Lower. In the sixteenth year, Junior Fourth Rank Upper was added (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. This book writes "kaya" with the character for "kari," but which is correct is not known).

¶Okuni Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyashiro village and is called Ichinomiya Okuni Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki. Note: on consideration, the Izumo no Kuni Fudoki has the phrase "Nitashiki Okuni" in connection with Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto. The shrine's name Okuni perhaps derives from this. The Jinja Keimō takes this shrine to be the Kotonomama-no-Kami, but this is an error). In the seventh year of Jōwa, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). In the second year of Jōgan, Junior Fourth Rank Lower was added from Senior Fifth Rank Lower. In the sixteenth year, it was advanced to Junior Fourth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the second year of Eihō (1082), Kiyohara-no-Norifusa was appointed its Kannushi (Note: following the Chōya Gunsai).

¶Umanushi Shrine (Note: it now stands on Kamizumayama in Hanba village, Toyoda District, and is called Kamizuma Myōjin).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Yamana District (4 shrines)

¶Yamana Shrine (Note: it now stands in Iida village and is called Gozu Tennō. Note: on consideration, the Tōtōmi no Kuni Fudoki Den says: "According to the Wamyōshō there is a Yamana district in Yamana District; in the middle ages the name of the district was changed to Suchi, but only Iida village is still called Yamana District, because of this shrine." This is added for reference).

¶Kone Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kinetanasashi village, Toyoda District).

¶Shimana Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kuwakage village in the Kamata district of the Mikuriya estate and is called Shinmei. It is the tutelary shrine of the estate) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Toyouke-no-Ōkami, and to have been founded in the first year of Emperor Temmu (Note: following the legend of the shrine family quoted in the Tōtōmi no Kuni Fudoki Den, and the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki).

¶Kōribe Shrine.

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Sano District (4 shrines)

¶Makusa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kami-Taruki village, and the shrine called Tenō Tennō is probably this one. Its old site is in Magaya village, Suchi District, where a small shrine remains, called Makusa).

¶Kotonomachi Shrine (Note: one manuscript writes it as "Ninji" or "Kotonin"), also called the Deity of Machi (Machi-no-Kami) (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. It now stands in Nishimiya village at Nissaka post-station and is called Nissaka Hachiman). It probably enshrines Kotomajihime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Engishiki and the Sonpi Bunmyaku). She was the daughter of Tamanushi-no-Mikoto and, married to Kogotomusubi-no-Mikoto, bore Ame-no-Koyane-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Sonpi Bunmyaku. Note: on consideration, the Ichinomiya Ki says "it enshrines Sarutahiko-no-Kami," and the Jinmyōchō Tōchū says "it enshrines Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto," but both are errors). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the second year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Upper to Senior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). Later it was called the Ichinomiya of the province (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki).

¶Awawa Shrine (Note: it now stands at Awadake in Higashiyama village) probably enshrines, by division, the Isagawa-Awa-no-Kami of Yamato, that is, Kotoshironushi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Daiwa Sha Chūshinjō and the Engishiki).

¶To Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shimomata-chō and is called To Myōjin).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Kikai District (2 shrines)

¶Nara Shrine (Note: it now stands south of Naranō village in Jōtō District, in Shimo-Hirakawa village, and the shrine called Kasugasha is probably this one. Some also say that it was originally in Naranō village and was later moved to Higashi-Yokochi village, where it is called Fujiya Myōjin).

¶Hinata Shrine (Note: it now stands at Hinata-dani in Iriyamase village in the Hijikata district, Jōtō District).

¶Under the Engi regulations, both shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Haibara District (5 shrines)

¶Kyōman Shrine, also called the Spirit of Kyōman (Kyōman Shinrei) (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. It now stands at Kyōman-bayashi in Taniguchi village). It probably enshrines a foreign deity brought from abroad (Note: on consideration, according to the Shoku Nihon Kōki, in the fourteenth year of Jōwa there appears Hata-no-Kuronari, a person of this district. According to the Shōjiroku, the ancestor of the Hata clan was called Kōman-ō; perhaps his descendants lived in this district generation after generation, worshipped Kōman as a deity, and called it Kyōman Shinrei. Since no clear evidence has yet been obtained, this is added for the time being as a reference). In the third year of Ninju, it was counted among the renowned deities (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the second year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fourth Rank Lower to Senior Fourth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Ōkusu Shrine (Note: it now stands in Taniguchi village and is called Kusu-no-Gozen).

¶Hatorida Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shirawa village and is called Shirawa Myōjin) probably enshrines Nagashirawa-no-Kami (Note: following the Kogo Shūi and the Engishiki).

¶Kataoka Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shimo-Yoshida village in the Kataoka district and is called Sumiyoshi Myōjin).

¶Iitsusawa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Hazu village and is called Gozu Tennō).

¶Under the Engi regulations, these four shrines were all ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Those Not Recorded in the Official Registers

¶Tsukushi-Tsushima Shrine.

¶Ōmi-Iwai Shrine. The locations of both are now unknown. In the sixth year of Jōgan, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was added to the Deity of Tsushima, who held Senior Sixth Rank Upper. In the seventh year, the same was done for the Deity of Iwai.

¶Sen'i Shrine stands in Naga-no-Kami District (Note: the district name follows the Wamyōshō. Note: on consideration, the Wamyōshō lists a Sennuma district within this district, which is probably the location of this shrine). In the eighth year of Jōgan, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was added from Senior Sixth Rank Upper.

¶Torikai Shrine.

¶Ikona Shrine. The locations of both are now unknown. In the eighth year of Jōgan, the Deity of Torikai was advanced to Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper. In the fifteenth year, the Deity of Ikona was treated in the same way.

¶Keho Shrine now stands in Suchi District (Note: it stands on Akibayama in Ryōke village and is called Akibasha). It is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Kagutsuchi-no-Kami (Note: from "now stands" onward follows the account of the local people).

¶Kamata Shrine now stands in Suchi District (Note: the district name follows the account of the local people. It stands in Kamidachi village in the Kama district). In the sixteenth year of Jōgan, together with the Deity of Keho, it was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper.

¶Shirai-Ōtoji Shrine.

¶Masohara Shrine.

¶Shibutare Shrine. The locations of these three shrines are now unknown. In the sixteenth year of Jōgan, the Deity of Shirai-Ōtoji was raised to Junior Fifth Rank Lower from Senior Sixth Rank Upper. In the second year of Gangyō, the two deities Masohara and Shibutare were treated in the same way.

¶Akao Shrine now stands in Yamana District (Note: the district name follows the account of the local people. It stands in Akao village. In later ages it came to belong to the precincts of the Chōraku-ji on Akaoyama and became a Buddhist shrine). In the second year of Gangyō, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was added from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. Note: on consideration, this book has, after the Deity of Ikona, "Junior Fifth Rank Lower was granted to the deities Kuroyama and Hiyama of the Mint Office (Jusenshi), of Senior Sixth Rank Upper," but the deities of the Mint Office are probably not ones worshipped by this province. There is probably a transposition or omission, and the doubt is left standing for now. Further, in this book "hi" is written in one manuscript with the character for "ō").

¶Suruga

¶Mashizu District (4 shrines)

¶Miwa Shrine, also called the Deity of Miwa of Heaven (Miwa-no-Tenjin) (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Suruga Kuninai Jinmyōchō gives "Senior Second Rank, Miwa Myōjin." It now stands in Miwa village, Shida District, and is called Miwa Myōjin). It enshrines Ōmononushi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Engishiki). In the fifteenth year of Jōgan, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was added from Junior Fifth Rank Lower. In the second year of Gangyō, it was advanced to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). The Miwa clan served as its Kannushi generation after generation (Note: following the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki).

¶Akunami Shrine (Note: it now stands in Mashizu village and is called Kawaseki Myōjin. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fourth Rank Lower).

¶Nahe Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Nabe of Heaven." It now stands at Hesaki in Hama-Atome village and is called Nabesaki Myōjin).

¶Yaizu Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fourth Rank Lower, Yaizu Myōjin." It now stands as a subordinate shrine of the Irie shrine in Yaizu village, and the one commonly called Benzaiten is this shrine) probably enshrines Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki). It was in this very place that Yamato Takeru, on the eastern campaign, met the peril of the field fire (Note: following the Nihon Shoki).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all four shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Udo District (3 shrines)

¶Ikama Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fourth Rank Lower, Ikama Myōjin." It now stands in Kamijima village and is called Ikama Myōjin).

¶Ikeda Shrine (Note: it now stands at Arai in Harakōji, Ikeda village, and is called Nishinomiya) probably enshrines Kibi-no-Takehiko-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Ikeda-Sakai-no-Kimi (Note: following the Sendai Kuji Hongi and the Engishiki). Takehiko followed the eastern campaign in the reign of Emperor Keikō, and reported back after reaching Abe and Ihohara. It is said that by imperial command that land was granted to him (Note: following the Shōjiroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Kusanagi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Kusanagi of Heaven." It now stands on Kusanagiyama in Kusanagi village and is called Kusanagi Myōjin) probably enshrines Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto. This place is said to be where Yamato Takeru drew the divine sword, cut down the grass, and drove back the rebels (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Fuji Kikō).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Abe District (7 shrines)

¶Ashitsuki Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Ashitsuki of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Ashikubo village, and the shrine called Shirahige Myōjin is probably this one).

¶Kanbe Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fourth Rank Lower, Miwa Myōjin." It now stands on Shizuhatayama in Fuchū) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ōnamuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Kokunaichō and the shrine's own tradition).

¶Takeho Shrine (Note: the source gives the reading as "Takyō," probably a slip for "Takeho." It now stands within the precincts of the Takeho-ji in Takeho village. According to tradition, it was originally at Manakimori in Hatori village, the neighboring village) probably enshrines Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto, the ancestor of the Takebe-no-Kimi (Note: consulted the general sense of the Nihon Shoki, the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower). In later ages it was called Manaki Myōjin and became the tutelary deity of the Kenpuku-ji (Note: following the Azuma Kagami and the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki. Note: on consideration, Kenpuku is generally the present Takeho-ji). In the fourth year of Jōgen (1210), the deity possessed a child and announced, "In the year of the Rooster there will be armed disturbances." The shrine officials were frightened and reported it to Kamakura. When Ōe-no-Hiromoto was about to divine its meaning, Minamoto-no-Sanetomo said, "Not long ago I dreamed of war, and now there is this portent," and sent an envoy to present a sword and offer prayers. Soon afterwards there was the disturbance of the Wada clan (Note: following the Azuma Kagami).

¶Nakatsu Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Nakatsumata of Heaven").

¶Oguji Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Ogusu of Heaven." It now stands in Konya-chō, Fuchū, and is called Shōshōi-sha. The land belongs to Udo District).

¶Shirasawa Shrine (Note: it now stands at Shirasawa-dani in Ushizuma village and is called Shirasawa Gongen. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Ōtoshi-Mioya Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Ōtoshi of Heaven." It now stands in Shichikenchō, Fuchū, and is called Ikazuchi-no-Miya. Note: on consideration, the Daijingū Gishikichō calls the deity Ōtoshi "Naru-Ikazuchi" (Rolling Thunder). The name "Ikazuchi-no-Miya" perhaps derives from this. This is added for reference).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all seven shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Ihohara District (3 shrines)

¶Miho Shrine (Note: the character "ho" is also written with the character for "ihe." The Kokunaichō gives "Junior Second Rank, Miho Myōjin." It now stands in Miho village, and its grounds fall within Udo District) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine the two deities Mihotsuhiko and Mihotsuhime (Note: following the Suruga no Kuni Shi). In the seventh year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Lower to Junior Fifth Rank Upper. In the third year of Gangyō, Senior Fifth Rank Lower was added (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Kusanagi Shrine (a different Kusanagi, written with other characters) (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fourth Rank Lower, Kusanagi Myōjin." It now stands in Kusaya village and is called Higashi-Kusanagi-sha) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Yamato Takeru-no-Mikoto. This is said to be the old site where he halted his army on the eastern campaign (Note: following the shrine's own tradition and the Fuji Kikō. Note: on consideration, the Shikisha Ryakki and the Shikisha Bikō both say, "this shrine enshrines four seats together: Kibi-no-Takehiko, Ōtomo-no-Takehi, Nanatsukahagi and Ototachibanahime." There are four divine images, three male and one female, and their forms are said to be extremely archaic and elegant. The Fuji Kikō also says, "In ancient times many of the deities who had followed the eastern campaign were enshrined within the shrine, and so it had the name of the 'Ninety-eight Thousand Shrines.'" These are added together as reference).

¶Toyotsumi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Machiyahara village and is called Toyotsumi Asama. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Fuji District (3 shrines)

¶Asama Shrine, also called Fuji Myōjin (Note: following the Iroha Jirui Shō and the Shosha Kongen Ki). It is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Konohanasakuyahime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki and the shrine's own tradition). It was at first enshrined on the summit of Mount Fuji (Note: following the Honchō Monzui, the Shūchūshō and the Iroha Jirui Shō), and was later moved to the foot of the mountain (Note: following the Jinja Kō and the Suruga Shin Fudoki. Note: it now stands in Ōmiya-chō and is called Hongū, also Ōmiya. According to tradition, it later enshrined together Ōyamatsumi-no-Kami, worshipped at the Fukuchi shrine, and was called the Fuji Asama-gū). In the third year of Ninju, it was counted among the renowned deities. Soon afterwards Junior Third Rank was added (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). In the first year of Jōgan, it was advanced to Senior Third Rank (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). In the seventh year of Engi (907), it rose to Junior Second Rank (Note: following the Shoshin Ki. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior First Rank). When the regulations were fixed, it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki). Later it was called the Ichinomiya of the province (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki).

¶Shitori Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Shitori of Heaven," written with different characters. It now stands in Hoshiyama village and is called Hoshiyama Asama) enshrines Takehazuchi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Nihon Shoki, the Engishiki and the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki).

¶Fukuchi Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Fukuchi of Heaven." It now stands in Ōmiya-chō and is called Fukuchi Gongen) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ōyamatsumi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Junrei Kyū Jinshi Ki). It is said that whenever the Asama shrine is rebuilt, the sacred body is brought here (Note: following the Jinmyōchō Kōshō Dodai). Under the Engi regulations, both shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki). In the time of Emperor Go-Toba, Minamoto-no-Yoritomo presented sacred fields to the Fukuchi shrine (Note: following the Azuma Kagami. This book writes "Fuchi" as "Fukuchi").

¶Suruga District (2 shrines)

¶Mariko Shrine (Note: the Kokunaichō gives "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Deity of Maru of Heaven." It now stands in Numazu Honmachi, Sunto District, and is called Mariko Myōjin).

¶Momosawa Shrine (Note: it now stands within the Ashitaka shrine in Kami-Nagakubo village, Sunto District. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Under the Engi regulations, both shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Those Not Recorded in the Official Registers

¶Ake Great Shrine stands in Suruga District (Note: on consideration, there is a Kannon hall on Akanoyama in the Ano estate, Sunto District, which is said to be probably the ruin of this shrine). In the third year of Ninju, the deity newly moved here from Izu. The provincial governor reported this to the court and a shrine was built and rites held. The Negi and Hafuri used the deity as a pretext to tell falsehoods and deceive the common people. Just then Yamada-no-Muraji-Haruki, the Deputy Governor, took up his post, strictly forbade their wrongdoing, and allowed only the seasonal rites to be performed (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Ōi Shrine stands in Shida District (Note: following the Kokunaichō. It now stands beside the Ōi River at Shimada post-station). In the seventh year of Jōgan, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was added from Senior Sixth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Kokunaichō gives it Senior Fifth Rank Lower).

¶Kitsuu-no-Mikoto Shrine. Its location is now unknown.

¶Honoikazuchi Shrine stands in Abe District (Note: following the Kokunaichō. This book has "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, the Great Deity Honoikazuchi"). In the second year of Gangyō, both shrines were advanced from Senior Sixth Rank Upper to Junior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku).

¶Izu

¶Kamo District (46 shrines)

¶Izu Mishima Shrine (Note: it was originally in Shirahama village, sharing a shrine with Ikonahime-no-Mikoto, but was later moved to Mishima post-station in Tagata District, and the shrine grounds are still said to belong to Kamo District. Later the district name was changed to Kimisawa, but the old name remains in the shrine grounds) enshrines Ōyamatsumi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Shaku Nihongi, the Nihongi Sanso and the Ichinomiya Ki), and the Mishima deity of Iyo was transferred here and worshipped (Note: following the Genpei Jōsuiki and the Tōkan Kikō. Note: on consideration, the Iyo Mishima shrine stands in Ochi District. According to the Sendai Kuji Hongi, the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko of Ochi and the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko of this province were both of the Mononobe-no-Muraji stock, and both provinces revered this deity. The Kuni-no-Miyatsuko of Suruga was also of the same stock, and in that province Konohanasakuyahime is worshipped, with this deity also enshrined together with her, and called the Asama deity. The register of deities of this province has "Mishima child deities, about eighteen places," and the Suruga Kuninai Jinmyōchō also has "eighteen seats of Asama child deities." These probably all have some connection, but it cannot now be made clear). In the second year of Tenpyō-hōji (758), thirteen households of fief from this province were assigned to it (Note: following the Shinshō Kyakuchokufu). In the ninth year of Tenchō (832), because the deity had displayed numinous power, it was counted among the renowned deities (Note: following the Nihon Kōki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was conferred. In the second year of Ninju, Junior Fourth Rank Lower was added (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku. Note: this book writes "Suruga" for "Izu," which is an error; another manuscript is followed here. The entry for the first year of Saikō also records the rank advancement of the deities of this province, exactly the same as this entry, and is probably an interpolation. Awame-no-Mikoto, Monoimina-no-Mikoto, Ikonahime-no-Mikoto, Ametsuwake-no-Mikoto, Itazuwake-no-Mikoto, Azusawake-no-Mikoto, Hafuhime-no-Mikoto and others all follow this). In the first year of Jōgan, Junior Fourth Rank Upper was conferred. In the sixth year, Senior Fourth Rank Lower was added. In the tenth year, it was advanced to Junior Third Rank (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. The Izu register of deities gives Senior First Rank). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities and took part in the four seasonal offerings from the state (Note: following the Engishiki). Later it was called the Ichinomiya of the province (Note: following the Ichinomiya Ki).

¶This province juts out into the sea to the southeast, and strange phenomena are extremely frequent. At times there is shaking with sound, and islands and isles rise up of themselves; at times deep valleys are blocked and high rocks collapse, so that in an instant the place becomes level ground; at times fire breaks out over the sea and new mountains and islands are born. The local people considered these divine wonders and took them to be the work of the Great Deity of Mishima, together with his divine consorts and children. For that reason, it is said, there are many shrines throughout the province to this divine family (Note: consulted the Nihon Shoki, the Nihon Kōki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi, the Shoku Nihon Kōki, the Fusō Ryakki and the Miyake Ki). In the Jishō era, Minamoto-no-Yoritomo dedicated to it the lands of Misono, Kawarada and Nagasaki in this province, and later also dedicated the Nukata district, assigning them to cover the extraordinary festival of the sixth month and the Hōjōe (rite of releasing living creatures) of the Ninomiya Hachimangū in the eighth month, and distributing them between the Kannushi Higashi-dayū Morikata and Nishi-dayū Morinari (Note: on consideration, according to the Zushū Shi, the Hachimangū is within the precincts of this shrine; it was originally called the Ninomiya, but which deity it enshrines is not known. It is probably a local tutelary deity). Later Yoritomo visited the shrine and presented offerings, and soon again offered gifts, a sword and a horse (Note: following the Azuma Kagami). At first the shrine's sacred curtains, locks and keys were in the charge of the Higashi-dayū, but in the Genkyū era the Nishi-dayū seized that office. Minamoto-no-Sanetomo ordered it restored to the (Higashi-dayū's) charge as before. In the Kenmu era, Ashikaga Takauji dedicated four chō of land in the Tokari district in Suruga, and the two districts of Sanpuku and Nagasaki in this province. In the third year of Engen (1338), Minamoto-no-Akiie, Commander-in-Chief of the Chinjufu, dedicated the Aku district of this province and prayed for peace in the realm. In the eighth year of Ōei (1401), Ashikaga Mitsukane assigned the Aitama district of this province to the expenses of the two seasonal festivals and the sacred treasures. Besides these, four chō of fields in the Rachi district of Suruga, and the districts of Tamagawa, Kōri-no-yake, Mikuni and Kita-Nakamura of this province, together with Tanaka village within the Kabaya no Mikuriya, all belonged to the shrine's domain. In general the shrine officials were drawn, generation after generation, from the Izu-no-Sukune, descendants of the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko, and divided into two families (Note: following the Mishima-sha documents, and for the descendants of the Kuni-no-Miyatsuko the Kannushi Keizu). These are the so-called Higashi-dayū and Nishi-dayū (Note: following the Azuma Kagami). It is said that the descendants of the Higashi-dayū have held the office to this day (Note: following the Zushū Shi).

¶Ikonahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Ippon Tōgōgū," which is probably this. It now stands at Nagata in Shirahama village and is called Shirahama Myōjin) enshrines Ikonahime-no-Mikoto, a later consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Nihon Kōki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi, and the Shoku Nihon Kōki. The character "me" is also written with another character in one manuscript). At first it shared a hall with the Mishima deity, but it is said to have been divided and enshrined separately later (Note: following the Zushū Shi and the Kōnōshō). In the ninth year of Tenchō, together with the Mishima deity, it was counted among the renowned deities (Note: following the Nihon Kōki as quoted in the Shaku Nihongi). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was conferred. In that year it became an official shrine. In the second year of Ninju, it was advanced to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Monoimina-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Kōzushima and is called Sada Myōjin. It is the tutelary shrine of the whole island) enshrines Monoimina-no-Mikoto. He is a child of the Mishima deity, born of the deity Awame (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki and the Jinmyōchō Tōchū). In the seventh year of Jōwa, the province reported: "The deity has made Kamitsushima and is very efficacious." By edict, together with the Awa deity, he was granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, he was advanced to Junior Fifth Rank Upper and the shrine became an official one. In the second year of Ninju, he rose to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Awa Shrine (Note: one manuscript writes it with different characters. It now stands on Kōzushima and is called Nagahama Myōjin) enshrines Awame-no-Mikoto, the first consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki and the Montoku Jitsuroku). The granting of rank in the seventh year of Jōwa appears above (Note: following the Shoku Nihon Kōki). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, one rank was added and it became an official shrine. In the second year of Ninju, it became Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Hafuhime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the character "me" is also written with another character in one manuscript. The "Ippon Kisaki-no-Miya" in the register of deities is probably this. It now stands at Hafu harbor on Ōshima and is called Hafu Taikō, also Hafuhime Myōjin. A ridge-beam plaque of the Keichō era reads "Hafube Taikō Daimyōjin") is said, according to tradition, to enshrine a consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Miyake Ki). In the second year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was added (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Ikamuhime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Igaya village on Miyakejima and is called Kisaki-no-Miya, also Kisaki Myōjin) probably enshrines a consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Miyake Ki and the account of the local people).

¶Sakitamahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kamitsuki village on Miyakejima; the shrine that has become a Buddhist shrine and is called Sakitama Kannon is probably this one) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine a consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Miyake Ki. Note: on consideration, the Kojiki mentions a Sakitamahime-no-Mikoto who is a child of Ame-no-Mikanushi-no-Kami, but this is a different deity of the same name). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred.

¶Itatewake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the character "te" is also written with another character in one manuscript. It now stands on Mikurashima and is called Inane Myōjin. Its old site is called Inaneyama. Note: on consideration, "Inane" and "Itate" have closely related native readings).

¶Azusawake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Toshima and is called Azuka Myōjin. Its old site is on Mikamiyama, south of the shrine). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, both shrines were granted Junior Fifth Rank Lower. In the second year of Ninju, both were advanced to Junior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Takemikaka-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Niijima and is called Ōmiya Ōji) probably enshrines a child of the Mishima deity, born of Kunitsuhime (Note: following the Miyake Ki). In the second year of Ninna (886), it was advanced from Senior Sixth Rank Upper to Senior Fifth Rank Lower (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku. This book has "Deity Tatsumikagaga," with one character "ga" too many, probably an interpolation).

¶Hayatamawake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Aitama village, and the shrine called Aitama Tenjin is probably this one).

¶Iware-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Iwarōyama in Nagatsuro village and is called Iwarō Shrine. "Iware" and "Iwarō" are close in sound and meaning).

¶Izunahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Izunahime Myōjin." It now stands in Ōkamo village and is called Hashiriyu Shrine. North of the shrine there is a round hill called Miyazaki, formerly called Izuzaki, which is the former site of this shrine).

¶Ametsuwake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: this book lacks the character "wa," and it has been supplied here from the Montoku Jitsuroku. It now stands on Miyakejima and is called Sō-Chinju Mishima Myōjin, also Fuki Myōjin). On the accession of Emperor Montoku, Junior Fifth Rank Lower was conferred. In the second year of Ninju, Junior Fifth Rank Upper was added (Note: following the Montoku Jitsuroku).

¶Hayashi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: one manuscript lacks the character "mikoto." It now stands on Kazehayayama in Kamitsuki village on Miyakejima and is called Hausu Shrine) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine a child of the Mishima deity, born of Sakitamahime (Note: following the Miyake Ki). Its awesome numinous power is said to be most remarkable (Note: following the account of the local people).

¶Ubai-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ōkago on Hachijōjima and is the tutelary shrine of the whole island) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine a consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Miyake Ki and the account of the local people. Note: the Miyake Ki says: "The Mishima deity had five consorts and placed them on five islands in the sea. The one on Okishima is called Inabae-no-Kisaki." "Inabae" is in fact a corruption of "Ubai").

¶Katasuge-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands east of Kamitsuki village on Hachijōjima, where there is a place called Kasasugi. In Katsonomori to its west there are foundation stones, a torii gate and so on, and this is said to be probably the ruin of this shrine).

¶Kurae-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands at Kurahama on Miyakejima and is called Kurahama Myōjin, also Kuro Myōjin).

¶Yasu-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: some say it is on Miyakejima, but the site of the shrine is not now clear). It is said that these three deities above are also children of the Mishima deity, born of Sakitamahime.

¶Nagichi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nawaji village, and the shrine called Koyasu Myōjin is probably this one. The register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Natsuhime Myōjin," close in sound to "Nagichi." "Nawaji" is also a corruption of "Nagichi." This is added for reference).

¶Kami-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: one manuscript lacks the character "mikoto." It now stands east of Kamitsuki village on Miyakejima and is called Ninomiya. According to the Miyake Ki, the character "mi" should be another character).

¶Teira-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it was originally on Miyakejima, but was later moved to Teraya in Nijō village, and the shrine called Teirayama-no-Kami is probably this one). It is said that these two deities above are also brother deities of Yasu-no-Mikoto, born of the same mother.

¶Koshiki-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ōkago on Hachijōjima, sharing a shrine with the Ubai deity, and the shrine called Koho Myōjin is probably this one. Note: on consideration, the mountains and fields west of the shrine are generally called Koshiki, which is probably where the old site stood. Now there is the Sōfuku-ji in the village, called Koshikihōzan. That "koshiki" (steamer) is read "koshiki" in this way is a remnant of the name). According to tradition, this deity too is a child of the Mishima deity, born of Ubai-no-Mikoto.

¶Takeishizuki-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Takeshi Myōjin").

¶Kunitsuhime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands on Shikinejima, and the shrine called Tomari Taikō Myōjin, also Kuchi Taikō, is probably this one) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Kunitsuhime-no-Mikoto, a consort of the Mishima deity.

¶Iwanohime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Tsubota village on Miyakejima, and the one called Tsubota-no-Kisaki is probably this one) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine a consort of the Mishima deity (Note: following the Miyake Ki).

¶Sugihokowake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Hokowake Myōjin." It now stands in Tanaka village and is called Kinomiya Myōjin. It is the general tutelary shrine of the seventeen villages of the Kawazu estate) enshrines Sugihokowake-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Izu Mine Ki).

¶Takehokotsukuwake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Taikawafuta-wake Myōjin" in the register of deities is thought to be this deity. It now stands in Kakizaki village, and the shrine called Takemineyama Shrine is probably this one. "Takemine" and "Takehokō" are close in sound and meaning, and are probably remnants of the old name) probably enshrines Homitsuku-no-Mikoto, a third-generation descendant of Watatsumi-no-Kami (Note: following the Shōjiroku and the Engishiki).

¶Iwakurawake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Yawatano village and is called Kinomiya. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Owayo-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Iwayohime Myōjin").

¶Ametsukatahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: at present there is a Mishima Myōjin shrine in Tsumaura village, which is probably this one. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Ajiko Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nozō village on Ōshima and is called Sō-Chinju Ōmiya Myōjin. Its old site was at Ajiko, about two ri south of the village, and it was later moved to its present place) enshrines the Ajiko deity, a child of the Mishima deity, that is, a deity born of Hafuhime.

¶Iwahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Iwahime Myōjin." It now stands in Isshiki village, and the one called Himemiya Myōjin is probably this one).

¶Shiritaogi Shrine (Note: one manuscript lacks the character "o." It now stands east of Kamitsuki village on Miyakejima. Note: on consideration, the Miyake Ki gives "Shiritagi" as "Shidai." The local people now call it Shiitori, also Shidara, both of which are corruptions of "Shiritagi").

¶Nango Shrine (Note: it now stands on Nangoyama in Kamitsuki village on Miyakejima and is called Nangū). According to tradition, these two deities are also children of the Mishima deity, born of the deity Sakitamahime.

¶Iwatewake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Iwatewake-no-Miko." It now stands in Iwadono village, and the one called Suwa Myōjin is probably this one).

¶Hotsaki-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the "Senior Fifth Rank Lower, Otsusawake Myōjin" in the register of deities is probably this one. It now stands in Ōse village, and the one called Ōji Myōjin is thought to be this shrine).

¶Ōtsuyuki-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Ōotsuyukihime Myōjin." It now stands in Hongō village, and the one called Hafuhime Myōjin is probably this one).

¶Haji Shrine (Note: it now stands in Izumitsu village on Ōshima and is called Hajigama Myōjin) enshrines the Haji deity, a child of the Mishima deity, that is, a deity born of Hafuhime (Note: following the Miyake Ki).

¶Fusaogi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Sakagawa village, and the one called Mishima Myōjin is thought to be this one. Note: on consideration, the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Osame-Iwakawa-no-Miko-Kami." Judging from the order of the shrines in the Engishiki, it is probably this deity).

¶Sasaharahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Sasawarahime-no-Miko." It now stands in Shinohara village and is called Himemiya).

¶Takema Shrine, 3 seats (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Tsukisue Myōjin." It was originally at Tsukima in Minato village, but is now divided and enshrined at two places, Teishi village and Kisami village. The one in Minato village is called Wakamiya Hachiman, in Teishi village Tsukima Myōjin, and in Kisami village Mishima Myōjin).

¶Kamo Shrine, 2 seats (Note: one seat now stands in Shimo-Kamo village and is called Kahata Myōjin. The other is not clear; some say it is at Kamo-iso in the village) enshrines the Great Deity of Mishima and Mizoorihime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the shrine's own tradition. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all of these forty-two shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Tagata District (24 shrines)

¶Yanagihara Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior First Rank, Yakiwara Myōjin." It now stands in Shimo-Kanuki village, Sunto District, Suruga Province, and is called Ōmiya, also Matsuhiko Myōjin. Note: on consideration, beside the shrine there is a place called Yaehara, probably a corruption of "Yanagihara"). In the first year of Jōgan, it was advanced from Junior Fifth Rank Lower to Junior Fifth Rank Upper. In the twelfth year, it was advanced by one more rank. In the second year of Ninna, it was advanced to Senior Fifth Rank Upper (Note: following the Sandai Jitsuroku). Under the Engi regulations it was ranked as a major shrine of renowned deities (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Araki Shrine (Note: it now stands in Haraki village and is called Ibaraki Shrine. In recent times it was also called Kurakake Myōjin. The register of deities gives it Senior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Funashi Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Chichinashi Myōjin." From this, the first character "fu" is probably an error for "chichi." It now stands in Nakajima village, Kimisawa District, and is called Tenchi Myōjin. At Nakamura, beside the shrine, there is Amanamori, which is also a corruption of "Chichinashi").

¶Karuno Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Senior Fourth Rank Upper, Kano Myōjin." It now stands in Matsuse village in the Kano district and is called Kasahanare Myōjin. Note: on consideration, according to the Nihon Shoki, in the reign of Emperor Ōjin this province presented a ship named Karano. "Karano" and "Karuno" have the same reading, and this shrine is probably connected with it).

¶Shitori Shrine.

¶Takahashi Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Takahashi Myōjin." From this, the character "hashi" should be another character. It now stands in Kami-Matsumoto village, Kimisawa District, and is called Takahashi Myōjin).

¶Nagahama Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nagahama village, Kimisawa District, and is called Shinmei).

¶Kutsumi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Atami village, Kamo District, and is called Onsen Myōjin) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Sukunahikona-no-Mikoto (Note: following a ridge-beam plaque of the Eishō era and the Atami Onsen Ki).

¶Ishitokotaka Shrine (Note: it now stands in Jike village. In the middle ages the Hachiman deity was enshrined together with it, so that it is now called chiefly Sōja Hachiman. Within its precincts there is the Fukuishi Myōjin, called the local tutelary deity. There is a huge rock, which in ancient times is said to have been its sacred body) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ōyamatsumi-no-Kami and Konohanasakuyahime-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Zushū Shi).

¶Ikamashi Shrine (Note: it now stands in Horikiri village, Kimisawa District. Note: on consideration, in the village there is the Yōkazan Masuyama-ji, and to its east is a place called Ikamairi, belonging to Kamimasu village. "Kamimasu" is probably a corruption of "Ikamashi." Beside the temple there is a small shrine called Mishima Myōjin, which is this one).

¶Hirose Shrine (Note: it now stands at Hirose beside Kohama Pond, north of Mishima post-station, Kimisawa District) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ukanomitama-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Zushū Shi. The register of deities gives it Junior First Rank).

¶Ogawa-Izumi Shrine (Note: one manuscript lacks the character "mizu." It now stands at Izumimori in Yukawa village in the Izumi district, Sunto District, Suruga Province, and is called Kumano Gongen. Note: on consideration, on the border between this province and Suruga there is a river called Sakaigawa, probably the ancient Ogawa. The seven villages west of the Ogawa are called the Izumi district, and this shrine is their general tutelary shrine. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Ōasa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Shimo-Kanuki village, Sunto District, Suruga Province, and is called Yamamiya, also Shiodome Myōjin. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Tamatsukuri-mizu Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Tamatsukuri Myōjin." It now stands in Kami-Kanuki village, Sunto District, Suruga Province).

¶Karihayasutakehihayo-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands at Tomeda in Usami village, Kamo District, and beside the shrine there is a place called Hihayashi) is said, according to tradition, to enshrine Ame-no-Hayahi-no-Mikoto (Note: following the Zushū Shi). It is probably the Hi-no-Hayahi-no-Kami (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki).

¶Kentōoyani-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Tozawa village, Kimisawa District, and is called Kentō Myōjin. It is sometimes corrupted to Tachikoyoki).

¶Homusubi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Izusan village, Kamo District. In ancient times it stood on the summit of Higane Gotake, but in the middle ages it was moved to the mountainside, and that place was called Musubu-no-Mine, with the shrine called the Naka-no-Hongū. The old shrine was called Yama-no-Hongū, and was later moved again to the present place and called Shingū) enshrines Kagutsuchi-no-Mikoto, the god of fire (Note: one manuscript has "Hi-no-Kagutsuchi-no-Kami"). It is also called Homusubi (Note: following the Nihon Shoki and the Engishiki), and also Hi-no-Yagihayao-no-Kami or Hi-no-Kagabiko-no-Kami (Note: following the Kojiki). Later Izanagi and Izanami were jointly worshipped (Note: following the legend of the local people), and it was called Izu Gongen and also Hashiriyu Gongen. It is said that Minamoto-no-Yoritomo revered it especially (Note: following the Azuma Kagami and the Hashiriyuyama Engi).

¶Shiranami-no-Minaawa-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Kami-Taga village, Kamo District. The "Awa-no-Mikoto Shrine" on a ridge-beam plaque of this shrine is probably this one).

¶Kanamura-Iokimiwake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nagodani village, and the one called Sugisaki Myōjin is thought to be this one. Note: on consideration, north of the village there is a place called Kanaya, and some twenty chō to the south there is Kanaya village, which are said to be remnants of the old name).

¶Hikitachikara-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it is now extinct. In Jūsoku village, Kamo District, there is Tajikaraoyama, which is probably the old site. Some also say that the one called Ōse Myōjin in Eri village, Kimisawa District, is this one. This is added for reference).

¶Kanamura-Iomurame-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the character "mura" in "Murame" is also written with another character in one manuscript. It now stands in Nita village and is called Hatsuhime Myōjin).

¶Ametsusekedachi-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Umena village, Kimisawa District, and is called Sanai Myōjin).

¶Kentō-Iwatokowake-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: on consideration, in Satotakiyama, which belongs to the present Yamamoto village, there is a small shrine called Tenjin. The rock face of the mountain stands sheer, and beneath it huge rocks stand in rows, which is truly fitting for the name "stone bed." The shrine's name probably derives from this. This shrine is probably a remnant of the main shrine. This is added for reference).

¶Awabi-Tamashiratamahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands at Akazaki in Kioi village, Kimisawa District, and is called Akazaki Myōjin).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all of these twenty-three shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).

¶Naka District (22 shrines)

¶Minowa Shrine (Note: it now stands in Minowa village. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Ishibu Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Ishihi Myōjin." It now stands in Ishibe village, Kamo District).

¶Inakami Shrine (Note: it now stands in Miyauchi village, Kamo District, and is called Kami-no-Miya) enshrines the same deity as the Mishima shrine (Note: following the documents of the first year of Bunji (1185) and the second year of Shōchū (1325) kept at this shrine. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Naka Shrine (Note: it now stands in Nakamura in the Naka district and is called Takane Myōjin).

¶Ida Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ida village, Kimisawa District, and is called Ida Myōjin. A ridge-beam plaque of the Eiroku era reads "Ida Renowned Deity, tutelary of the seven villages of the Ida estate." The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Inashimo Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Inashiri Myōjin." It now stands in Matsuzaki village, Kamo District, and is called Shimo-no-Miya).

¶Naka-Ōtoshi Shrine (Note: it now stands at Unano in Nakamura and is called Shinmei) enshrines Ōtoshi-no-Kami (Note: following the Kojiki and the Engishiki. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Taniya Shrine (Note: it now stands in Arari village. Note: on consideration, "Taniya" probably means "valley house." In the village there are two mountains jutting out toward the mouth of the sea, with large and small valleys between which the people live, and so perhaps the name arose. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Tago Shrine (Note: it now stands in Tago village. There is a ridge-beam plaque of the Bunki era inscribed "Tutelary Shrine of Ōtago." The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Ugusu Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ugusu village and is called Mishima Myōjin. Beside the shrine there is a place called Ōkusu. According to tradition, in ancient times there was a great camphor tree there, several jō in circumference at the trunk. "Ugusu" and "Ōkusu" are close in sound and meaning. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Heta Shrine (Note: it now stands in Heda village, Kimisawa District, and is called Heda Myōjin. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Sawa Shrine, 2 seats (Note: it now stands at Sawada in Hama village in the Nishina district, and is the general tutelary shrine of the five villages of Nishina).

¶Futonushiwakatama-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Futaura-yatama-hime Myōjin." The character "ya" is probably a corruption of "waka," and this is the deity. It now stands at Tomihora in Hama village and is called Shinmei).

¶Kunihashira-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Kunihara-hime Myōjin" in the register of deities is probably this. It now stands in Iwashina village, Kamo District, and is called Shinmeigū).

¶Inamiya-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Inamiyahime Myōjin." It now stands in Toi village, Kimisawa District, and is called Shinmei).

¶Iwakura-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands inside a rock cave on the summit of Asamayama in Oshimoda village, Kimisawa District. Note: on consideration, the register of deities has Iwarai-hime Myōjin, which is thought to be this).

¶Kunitama-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Kunitamahime Myōjin." It now stands in Toda village, Kimisawa District, and is called Moroguchi Myōjin).

¶Mikatama-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Mikatamahime Myōjin." It now stands beside Mikazawa in Yagisawa village, Kimisawa District, and the shrine called Shinmei-shi is probably this one).

¶Kunitama-no-Mikoto Shrine (a second Kunitama, written with other characters) (Note: the "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Morokihime Myōjin" in the register of deities is probably this. It now stands in Araro village and is called Morokoshi Myōjin).

¶Toyomitama-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: the register of deities has "Junior Fourth Rank Upper, Toyomitamahime Myōjin." It now stands in Toi village, Kimisawa District).

¶Aotamahime-no-Mikoto Shrine (Note: it now stands in Ko-Toi village, Kimisawa District, and is called Hachiman. The register of deities gives it Junior Fourth Rank Upper).

¶Under the Engi regulations, all twenty-two shrines were ranked as minor shrines (Note: following the Engishiki).